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The article defines the problems of current law enforcement practice in the sphere of ship arrests in Ukraine. It also highlights the necessity of forming a unified position of judicial authorities in order to eliminate ambiguous interpretation of legal norms in ship arrest practice. It is noted that very often in the practice of ship arrest within the framework of civil proceedings, the courts of Ukraine apply to the norms of international law. Among the international legal instruments for the arrest of vessels are the International Convention Relating to the Arrest of SeaGoing Ships of 1952 and the International Convention on Arrest of Ships of 1999. However, since Ukraine is not a