The theoretical and experimental evaluation of the cyclostationary random data transferring process corrupted by the individually and jointly cyclostationary crosstalk interference is presented. The interference and the message signals were measured by the real time digital oscilloscope. Autocorrelation functions were evaluated by synchronous cyclic averaging procedure. The analyzed periodic two-dimensional impulse response of the time-varying filter allows to obtain the output random process with the same cyclic frequency at the output of the filter by separation of orthogonal stationary waveforms constituting the input cyclostationary random process (CSRP). The filtering of the measured random process was implemented by the cyclic Wiener filter. The evaluation of the two-dimensional autocorrelation function and eye diagrams at the output of the cyclic Wiener filter showed significant reduction of the independent interference components in the estimated message signal.

Coupling and Emissions Under Cyclostationary Conditions For convenience, engineers often make the assumption that the statistical behaviour of signals remains constant in time (timeinvariant). However, as the complexity of modern systems increases and the simultaneous presence of several clocked sources of EMI, this assumption is not always valid. Cyclostationary signals have hidden periodicities in the way they transport electromagnetic energy. Cyclostationarity was first studied in connection with mechanical signals. Studying them in connection with EMC is used in identifying patterns of emission from specific areas of PCBs and therefore can assist in taking appropriate remedial actions. The paper by Kuznetsov et al presents an analysis of electrical signals through a process of statistical cyclic averaging to characterize the emission properties for EMC analysis and design. Experimental results are also presented in support of the theoretical analysis. In future issues of the EMC Magazine we will cover topics such as the Electrical Behavior of CFCs, Stochastic EMC Applications, and Lightning Characterization.

Abstract. Compact circuit models of electromagnetic structures are a valuable tool for embedding distributed circuits into complex circuits and systems. However, electromagnetic structures with large internal propagation delay are described by impedance functions with a large number of frequency poles in a given frequency interval and therefore yielding equivalent circuit models with a high number of lumped circuit elements. The number of circuit elements can be reduced considerably if in addition to capacitors, inductors, resistors and ideal transformers also delay lines are included. In this contribution a systematic procedure for the generation of combined lumped element/delay line equivalent circuit models on the basis of numerical data is described. The numerical data are obtained by numerical full-wave modeling of the electromagnetic structure. The simulation results are decomposed into two parts representing a lumped elements model and a delay line model. The extraction of the model parameters is performed by application of the system identification procedure to the scattering transfer function. Examples for the modeling of electromagnetic structures are presented.

This paper proposes a cyclostationary based approach to power analysis carried out for electric circuits under arbitrary periodic excitation. Instantaneous power is considered to be a particular case of the two-dimensional cross correlation function (CCF) of the voltage across, and current through, an element in the electric circuit. The cyclostationary notation is used for deriving the frequency domain counterpart of CCF—voltage–current cross spectrum correlation function (CSCF). Not only does the latter exhibit the complete representation of voltage–current interaction in the element, but it can be systematically exploited for evaluating all commonly used power measures, including instantaneous power, in the form of Fourier series expansion. Simulation examples, which are given for the parallel resonant circuit excited by the periodic currents expressed as a finite sum of sinusoids and periodic train of pulses with distorted edges, numerically illustrate the components of voltage–current CSCF and the characteristics derived from it. In addition, the generalization of Tellegen’s theorem, suggested in the paper, leads to the immediate formulation of the power conservation law for each CSCF component separately.

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