High moisture content in raw pot pollen increases the activity of microorganisms, thus promotes fermentation and causes rapid deterioration. Hence, the objective of this study is to dry stingless bees pot pollen by a novel fluidized bed dryer. The experimental analysis was conducted based on flowrate, airflow temperature, power consumption and sample mass. It was found that the mass of pot pollen can be reduced by 6.86 % in 30 minutes of drying operation. The temperature rise is also minimal up to average of 31.5°C. This significantly reduced the impact of drying not only to the nutrients, but also the flavour and aroma. Moreover, the total energy consumed is 212.57 Wh, which is considered low. Hence, this preliminary study showed the feasibility of drying pot pollen using a novel fluidized bed dryer.

Water flow for a water-cooled Photovoltaic (PV) may not cover the whole surface area of PV. Thus, the objective of this paper is to experimentally observe the effect of cooling surface area for a water-cooled PV. A water-cooled PV with 30W output was tested when its surface area was 50% and 100% covered with flowing water. This condition was tested at water flow rate of 120 mL/h, and irradiace of 855 W/m2, respectively. It was found that the panel recorded a maximum temperature of 72.10°C when it is uncooled. When it is cooled temperature decreased 22.05% and 51.04% for half and full surface, respectively, and temperature also remained constant approximately at 32oC for full surface. The current remained constant as expected and effect of temperature could be seen in voltage. Voltage increases when temperate decreases, and decreases when temperature increases. As the results, the power outputs for uncooled, half surface, and full surface were 10.38W, 10.66W and 11.08W, respectively. As compared to uncooled, this shows the increment of 6.10% and 13.50% for half surface and full surface, respectively. Thus, it could be concluded that the cooling surface area has substantial effects on the performance of water-cooled PV.

A furnace is a heating device, which is used for heating samples up to 1350°C. The conventional method to reduce the temperature of the furnace to room temperature requires more than 8 hours. Therefore, a vortex tube cooling device is used to enhance the cooling process. The vortex tube is a small cooling device that uses compressed gas to produce cold flow. In this study, 3 cooling methods were compared; the conventional method, room temperature compressed gas cooling method, and vortex tube cooling method. From the results, it is clear that the vortex tube is able to enhanced the cooling process. Comparing to the conventional method, the vortex tube can reduce the temperature 2-hour faster.