No abstract

AbstrakKelas Cephalopoda (seperti cumi-cumi dan sotong) memiliki tinta sebagai pertahanan dirinya. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk membandingkan aktivitas antibakteri melanin dari tinta sotong (Sepia sp.) dengan tinta cumi-cumi (Loligo sp.) terhadap Escherichia coli. Ekstraksi dan pemurnian terhadap tinta sotong dan cumi-cumi dilakukan untuk mendapatkan melanin dengan menggunakan HCl 0,5 M secara mekanik. Melanin yang diperoleh diuji aktivitasnya terhadap E. coli dengan metode kontak langsung antara melanin dan E. coli di dalam nutrient broth. Total mikroba dihitung dengan metode hitungan cawan. Tinta yang berasal dari Sepia sp. ataupun Loligo sp. juga diuji aktivitasnya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa melanin dari tinta sotong dan cumi-cumi memiliki aktivitas penghambatan pada konsentrasi 10 mg/mL dan 20 mg/mL, secara berturut-turut mencapai 99,99% terhadap E. coli. Tinta dari kedua jenis Cephalopoda tersebut pada konsentrasi yang sama dengan melanin,tidak menunjukkan adanya aktivitas penghambatan terhadap E. coli. Melanin dari Sepia sp. memiliki aktivitas antibakteri terhadap E. coli lebih tinggi dibandingkan melanin dari Loligo sp.Kata kunci: aktivitas antibakteri, E. coli, Loligo sp., melanin, tinta, Sepia sp. Antibacterial Activity of Melanin from Cuttlefish and Squid InkAbstract Class Cephalopods (such as squid and cuttlefish) have ink as are notable for their defences. This study aims to compare the antibacterial activity of melanin from cuttlefish ink (Sepia sp.) with squid ink (Loligo sp.) against E. coli. Extraction and purification studies were carried out on Sepia and Loligo melanin using a hydrochloric acid 0,5M treatment under mechanical.The melanins were obtained and further evaluated their activity by direct contact methods between melanin and E. coli in nutrient broth.Total microbes was counted by total plate count.Both inks also was tested their activity against E. coli. The results showed that melanin from cuttlefish and squid inks had inhibitory activity at concentrations of 10 mg/ml and 20 mg/ ml, respectively reaching 99.99% against E. coli.The inks of both Cephalopods at the same concentration as melanin, did not show any inhibitory activity against E. coli. The melanin of Sepia sp. have a higher antibacterial activity than the melanin of Loligo sp.Keywords: antibacterial activity, cuttlefish, E. coli, Loligo sp., melanin, Sepia sp. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.17844/jphpi.v20i2.17907 PENDAHULUANKelas Cephalopoda seperti sotong (Sepia sp.) dan cumi-cumi (Loligo sp.) merupakan komoditi hasil tangkapan perikanan laut yang pemanfaatannya masih sangat terbatas, sementara untuk sotong hanya dikonsumsi dalam bentuk segar.Tinta cumi-cumi ataupun sotong di daerah Kalimantan Selatan yang menjadi daerah pengambilan sampel biasanya dibuang atau tidak dimanfaatkan sebagai bagian dari olahan cumi-cumi.Tinta cumi-cumi maupun tinta sotong mengandung melanin, protein, lemak dan

Waterthyme (Hydrilla verticillata) has a rapid growth rate in freshwater, especially rivers and irrigation channels, hence it becomes a disturbing factor and needs periodic cleaning.Dry H. verticillata contains nitrogen of 3.29%, phosphorus of 0.52%, and potassium of 6.34%.The utilization of H. verticillata as compost has great potential, but there has not been found intensive research on the subject.This study aimed to examine the ability of H. verticillata as an alternative raw material for compost fertilizer in the bok choygrowth.This study used a Randomized Complete Block design (RCB) with a single factor by analyzing the data using ANOVA and continued with further tests u sing Least Significant Different (LSD).P0 (control) was 100% soil, P1100% cow manure, P2 100% waterthyme, and P3 50% waterthyme + 50% cow manure.Bok Choy have optimal growth (88 g plant mass, 5g root mass) in compost applications with a composition of 100% waterthyme (H. verticillata) with a moisture content of 21.24%,

No abstract

Grain Nymphaea pubescens has been widely consumed as traditional food such as snack bars and cake in South Kalimantan. The first experiment of this study focused on the difference in moisture content of N. pubescens seed after harvest to prevent seed decay and higher dehulling recovery. Dehulling was performed with a laboratory model seed polisher/dehulling apparatus. Dehulling experiments were carried out on samples exhibiting moisture contents ranging from 10% to 20.6 %. Dehulling of N. pubescens seed was affected by moisture content. The optimum grain moisture for dehulling N. pubescens seed was 10% and 13.2%, respectively, with a higher amount of dehulled seed, resulting in dehulling efficiency of 48.6% and 45.6 %, respectively, and lower levels of powder and broken seed. The dehulling efficiency decreased with an increased moisture content of N. pubescens seed.