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Purpose: To determine the effect of menstrual cycle phases on the visual field analysis of healthy females. Material and Methods: One randomly selected eye each of 59 healthy normally menstruating women, and of 54 men with no systemic and ocular problems, other than refractive error, were included in the study. Subjects underwent complete ocular examination, and standard achromatic perimetric (SAP) and short-wavelength automated perimetric (SWAP) analysis in both follicular (7th to 10th day of the cycle) and luteal phases (days 3–7 before the menstrual bleeding) of the menstrual cycle. Visual field analysis was performed using a Model 750 Humphrey Field Analyzer II (Humphrey Instruments Inc., San Leandro, Calif., USA) with full-threshold, central 30-2 program. Visual fields were divided into four regions as superior temporal, inferior temporal, superior nasal and inferior nasal, respectively. Results: The mean age of female (n = 59) and the male subjects (n = 54) were 34.6 ± 2.9 and 35.0 ± 2.7 years, respectively (p = 0.49). SWAP tests demonstrated a significantly decreased mean MS value in the luteal phase (p < 0.05). However, it did not change significantly with SAP tests. Regional MS values of both SAP and SWAP tests were not different in both phases of the menstrual cycle (all p values >0.05). Mean perimetric test durations obtained with both SAP and SWAP were not different throughout the menstrual cycle (both p values >0.05). Conclusion: Clinicians should verify menstrual status when evaluating a suspected loss of visual field sensitivity in menstruating women. The findings of the present study suggest that the SWAP test may be more sensitive to determine subtle sex hormone-dependent changes in visual field analysis of healthy women.

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Glutaraldehyde in concentrations generally used for cold sterilization is highly toxic to the corneal endothelium. The operating room staff involved in sterilizing instruments should be well educated about and careful to follow the protocols to properly clean and sterilize reusable ocular instruments.

Aim: To assess the disc area, age, sex, laterality (side of the eyes) and refractive error dependent differences in optic nerve head topographic parameters in a normal population. Methods: Optic nerve head topographic analysis of both eyes of 551 healthy Turkish subjects aged 11−75 years (1102 eyes) was performed using a confocal scanning laser ophthalmoscope, the Heidelberg Retinal Tomograph II (HRT II). The effects of disc size, sex, laterality (side of the eyes), age and refractive error on optic nerve head topographic parameters were assessed. Subjects were divided into three different age groups (<30 years, 30−60 years, >60 years) and three different disc area groups (<2.00 mm2, 2.00−2.25 mm2, >2.25 mm2). Disc area, topography standard deviation and a total of 12 topographic parameters were calculated by HRT II for each subject. Statistical analysis was performed using Student's t‐test, multiple regression analysis, Tukey‐HSD test, anova and Pearson's correlation coefficient. Results: A total of 543 subjects (298 women and 245 men) were included in the study. The mean disc area of the subjects was 2.12 ± 0.47 mm2 (range 1.16−4.98 mm2). The mean refractive error of the subjects was −0.58 ± 1.71 D (range −4.75 D to +4.25 D). The mean cup shape measure was −0.21 ± 0.07 (95% confidence interval −0.07 to −0.35). The disc area was significantly correlated with all of the topographic parameters but two; namely, the cup shape measure and the height variation contour. Significant age‐related differences were detected in four parameters (mean retinal nerve fibre layer [RNFL] thickness, disc area, cup‐to‐disc area ratio, cup area) and significant sex‐related differences were detected three parameters (mean RNFL thickness, height variation contour, RNFL cross‐sectional area). However, there were no significant differences in any of the parameters for laterality and refractive error. The parameter cup shape measure did not correlate with any of the five variables investigated. Conclusion: Cup shape measure was the only optic nerve head topographic parameter that was independent of age, sex, disc area, laterality and the refractive error. It seems to be a promising parameter in evaluation and comparison of the optic discs of normal subjects, with different disc area, age, sex, refraction error and laterality, as being independent of the main variation factors of the disc topography.