The present study aimed to investigate if there is an association between the diameter of the choledochal duct and choledochal duct stone formation. The present study consisted of 79 patients who had endoscopic interventions and MRCP procedure with surgery history. Some followed due to disorders of the liver, gall bladder, and biliary tract and some of whom presented hepatobiliary complaints between 2017 and 2019. The choledochal duct diameter measured from MRCP images and choledochal duct stone had examined; the type classified according to Huang classification. Among the cases classified, 29 patients, was Huang Type A1, 27 patients were Huang Type A2, 16 patients were Huang Type A3, and seven patients were Huang Type A4. There was not any statistically significant association in terms of choledochal diameter regarding the types. Choledochal duct diameter was statistically higher in female patients than male patients (p<0.05). According to the age group, a statistically significant difference detected for choledochal duct stone formation; individuals over 45 years of age present an increase for choledochal duct stone (p<0.05). The choledochal duct diameter was found higher in female patients compared with male patients; stone formation has found increased in both gender over 45 years of age. It should consider before surgical procedures and radiological tests.

I nguinal hernia repair is one of the most frequently performed operations in pediatric surgery clinics. Although there has been an increase in the frequency of laparoscopic repair in recent years, repair using the standard inguinal approach with modified Ferguson surgery is still preferred by many surgeons. High success rate and low recurrence and complication rates have influence on the application and preference of the standard inguinal approach. [1] Minimally invasive techniques have begun to be commonly preferred in the pediatric surgery in recent years. Many different open and laparoscopic examinations have been described in the repair of pediatric inguinal hernias. [2, 3] In this study, we aimed to present the short-term outcomes in girls who underwent standard inguinal surgery and standard laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair using percutaneous internal suturing technique (PIRS) described by Patkowski et al., which started to be used in our clinic. Methods A total of 42 female patients who underwent inguinal hernia repair by laparoscopic and standard inguinal technique in our pediatric surgery clinic between January 2017 and May 2018 were included in the study. All laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair procedures were performed using percutaneous internal ring suturing (PIRS) technique. Patients who were included in the study as a result of pre-anesthesia examinations were classified as the ASA 1-2 risk group. The bladders of patients scheduled for laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair were drained with a thin catheter at the operation table before the surgery. Pneumoperitoneum was Objectives: Inguinal hernia repair is one of the most frequently performed operations in pediatric surgery clinics. Although there has been an increase in the frequency of laparoscopic repair in recent years, repair using the standard inguinal approach with modified Ferguson surgery is still preferred by many surgeons. Methods: The objective of this study was to present the short-term outcomes observed in girls who underwent standard inguinal surgery and standard laparoscopic inguinal hernia repair using the percutaneous internal suturing (PIRS) method described by Patkowski et al., which is now used in our clinic. A total of 42 female patients who underwent inguinal hernia repair with laparoscopic and standard inguinal techniques in our pediatric surgery clinic between January 2017 and May 2018 were included in the study. Results: The patients were compared in terms of the length of hospital stay after surgery, monitoring for pain in the early postoperative period, initiation of oral feeding, and the amount of social security institution repayment. Conclusion: It is the opinion of the authors that the PIRS method will be more popular in the future as it has a short operation time, a low complication rate, it can be learned quickly, does not require advanced laparoscopic skills or additional instruments, and results in perfect cosmetic outcomes.

Background: Problems related to the urine flow are rather common in hypospadias patients. As these problems are detected during follow-up of urine flow in the post-operative period, it is difficult to determine whether it is a problem emerging secondary to the surgery or it is a congenital condition. Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the lower urinary tract functions in hypospadias patients with pre-operative and post-operative uroflowmetric examinations and to determine whether it is a complication of the surgery or a congenital condition. Materials and Methods: A total of 63 patients who underwent hypospadias surgery and were monitored postoperatively between January 2012 and January 2013 were enrolled in the study. Data about the pre- and post-operative uroflowmetry parameters were collected and compared. Results: Of total 83 patients, only 63 (76.8%) patients, whose parent’s provided the written consent, were studied. The mean age was 6.9±2.4 years (3–14 years). The mean bladder volume estimated according to the age of the patients was 266.5±71.7 ml. The mean bladder volume before and after the surgery was 179±56 ml and 189±53 ml, respectively, and the bladder volumes were 67% and 71% of the estimated bladder volume, respectively. There was no significant difference between the bladder volumes measured before and after the surgery (p=0.159). Furthermore, no significant change in the measurements regarding the maximum flow rate, time to maximum flow rate, total time of the urine flow, mean flow rate, voided volume, voiding time, and post-void residual volume was observed. Conclusion: The uroflowmetry is an easy-to-use, non-invasive, and objective method, which can be used for the early diagnosis of the urethral stricture following the hypospadias surgery and the evaluation of the obstructions in the lower urinary tract

This study aims to examine the diagnostic values of physical examination, laboratory and imaging methods of pediatric patients, who were hospitalized, followed up and operated in the pediatric surgery clinic of our hospital with the diagnosis of acute appendicitis, to investigate a simple and useful scoring system that can be formed from those with the highest diagnostic value, and to compare scoring systems concerning their effectiveness in diagnosing appendicitis and reducing negative appendectomy rates. Methods:The study group consisted of patients hospitalized and treated at the pediatric surgery clinic with a preliminary diagnosis of acute appendicitis between January 2016 and January 2019. The cases were divided into two different groups as appendicitis group (AG) and non-appendicitis group (NAG). Alvarado Appendicitis Score (AAS), Pediatric Appendicitis Score (PAS) and Tzanakis Appendicitis Score (TAS) of the patients were calculated retrospectively in both groups. Results:The difference between the PAS, AAS and TAS of AG and NAG was statistically significant (p=0.042, p=0.021 and p=0.021, respectively). The rate of neutrophil-to-lymphocyte ratio of >3.5 in 53 (77.9%) of the AG group and 33 (63.4%) of NAG was higher than 3.5 (p=0.030). Conclusion:This study has shown that appendicitis scoring methods are as effective as imaging techniques in the diagnosis of appendicitis, which is the most common cause of surgical abdominal pain in children admitting to emergency care units due to abdominal pain, as well as in reducing the negative appendectomy rates.

Various devices were used to carry circumcision operation out. It noted that these devices, especially the Plastic Clamp method, significantly decrease complications as long as basic surgical rules, are followed. This study aims to examine the application of Plastic Clamp circumcision in infants. Children whose physical examinations revealed circumcision contradictions excluded from the study. During the study period, a total of 485 children was circumcised using the plastic clamp method under sedated anesthesia and by a single pediatric surgeon. Measurements take before operations and plastic clamps with diameters ranging from 1.2 to 1.6 cm used. The duration of the surgical procedure, early and late period post-operative complications, the separation duration of the plastic clamp, and problems evaluated. Study Results, the average length of the surgical operation was determined to be 5.5 minutes. The average hospital stay duration of the patients was 2 hours. During the follow-ups, edemas were observed in mucosal areas of 24 (4.9%) patients, 48 hours after the clamp placed and edema and swelling recovered seven days after the circumcision at the latest. On average, it observed that plastic clamp separated on its own in 7.1 days. It noted that in 4 (0.8%) patients, the plastic clamp separated prematurely during 6 hours following the operation due to pulling. Conclusion study plastic Clamp (Alisklamp) is starting to gain popularity because it falls off on its own and that it can be applied quickly under local anesthesia