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In this study, the interaction between nanoparticles (0, 50, 100, and 150 mg L − 1 ) and light intensity (100, 200, and 400 µmol.m − 2 .s − 1 ) was evaluated for effectiveness in improving stevia shoot induction by measuring shoot and leaf number, shoot length, fresh and dry weight, nutrient uptake, steviol glycosides, total carbohydrates and DNA damage in both DNA sequence region (promoter and sequence of UGT76G1 gene). The data revealed the highest shoot number in the combination of 150 mg MWCNTs L − 1 and 400 µmol.m − 2 .s − 1 and highest leaf number and biomass accumulation (fresh and dry weight) in 50 mg MWCNTs L − 1 × 200 µmol.m − 2 .s − 1 . Shoot length was observed higher in 0 and 100 mg MWCNTs L − 1 × 100 µmol.m − 2 .s − 1 . The highest contents of N, P, K, Ca, Fe, and Mn were recorded under 50 mg MWCNTs L − 1 × 200 µmol.m − 2 .s − 1 and 50 mg MWCNTs L − 1 × 400 µmol.m − 2 .s − 1 . In contrast, the amount of Zn and Cu was not affected by the two-way interaction. The combination of 50 mg MWCNTs L − 1 × 200 µmol.m − 2 .s − 1 and 50 mg MWCNTs L − 1 × 400 µmol.m − 2 .s − 1 increased the total carbohydrate and rebaudioside A. Stevioside was also increased under the combination of 50 mg MWCNTs L − 1 and 200 µmol.m − 2 .s − 1 . DNA damage in both regions of the DNA sequence under light intensity at low concentrations of MWCNTs (0 and 50 mg L − 1 ) did not show a signi cant change but increased with increasing concentration at high light intensities (200 and 400 µmol.m − 2 .s − 1 ). Thus, Cross-talk 50 mg MWCNTs L − 1 and 200 µmol.m − 2 .s − 1 might be an optimal condition for stevia growth and metabolism.