The aims of this descriptive study were to confirm the high incidence of subacute sclerosing panencephalitis (SSPE) previously reported from Papua New Guinea (PNG) and to relate SSPE to previous measles vaccination and measles illness. From February 1997 to April 1999 we diagnosed a total of 55 patients with SSPE at Goroka Base General Hospital in Eastern Highlands Province (EHP) of PNG. The diagnosis was based on high cerebrospinal fluid and serum measles virus antibody titres with progressive neurological disorder and myoclonic jerks. Of these 55 patients 42 were from EHP, including 32 whose onset was in the 2-year period 1997-1998. The annual incidence of SSPE in EHP in these 2 years was 98 per million population under 20 years of age, the highest ever reported. This incidence was more than ten times higher than the highest incidence in the prevaccine era reported from elsewhere. The mean age of onset of SSPE was 7.7 years (range 2.8-14.8 years) and the interval between measles and the onset of SSPE, where known, had a mean of 5.9 years and a range of 2.5-11.1 years. Among the SSPE patients 19 had a documented history of measles vaccination. Eight of these 19 also had documentation of previous measles illness; of these, seven were vaccinated after the development of measles and one was vaccinated 20 days before measles illness. Two non-SSPE children received vaccination twice which was documented and subsequently developed measles which was also substantiated by documentation. Two patients with SSPE yielded amplified nucleotide sequences of measles virus that were different from any of the vaccine strains. We found no evidence to implicate measles vaccination in the development of SSPE.

For the automatic operation of UAV delivery, a route construction method using smart meter radio devices has been studied. We could construct a delivery route that avoids densely populated areas and prevents excessive travel distance based on AODV. However, it is necessary to guarantee arrival time in the delivery service. We propose a route construction method that optimally evaluates traveling time and safety (Proposed Method 1). When multiple UAVs are constructing routes, there are risks of collision between the UAVs due to the use of the same node or links. We propose two methods to construct a route without using the same node and the same link, respectively (Proposed Method 2). The proposed method and the conventional method are evaluated by computer simulation.

Unmanned Aerial Vehicles (UAVs) routing methods have been studied using protocols for ad hoc networks composed of smart meter wireless devices. By using weighting, both safety and time could be judged comprehensively, and a "safe and shortest time route" could be constructed. The requirement of route construction corresponds to the service. We proposed a method in which multiple different routes can be listed as candidates, for the key requirement to deliver the object to the destination within the time limit by each service. The total number of messages received by the destination node could explode. Therefore, we propose a Route Request (RREQ) message discard method to suppress unnecessary RREQ messages. Simulation evaluation experiments were conducted using real maps. We were able to increase the number of RREQ messages that were safely routed. This confirmed the effectiveness of the proposed method.