In order to develop a calculation method for the ultimate flexural capacity of high strain-hardening ultra-high performance concrete (UHPC) T-beams, four-point loading tests on five specimens were carried out. The design parameters were the ratio and the strength of reinforcement. Based on the assumption of plane section, a linear regression analysis was carried out and the ultimate tensile strain of high strain-hardening UHPC was obtained. The analysis results proved that the bond between reinforcement and UHPC is reliable and these two materials can maintain strain consistency before the reinforcement reaches its yield strain. A finite element model of the specimens was established using ANSYS and distributed reinforcement was added to simulate the behavior of UHPC after cracking. Considering the tensile contribution of the high strain-hardening UHPC after cracking, the calculation method for flexural capacity of high strain-hardening UHPC T-beams was derived. The finite element simulation method and the theoretical formula calculation method proposed in this paper are in good agreement with the experimental values, and they can be applied for the theoretical analysis and the design of high strain-hardening UHPC beams. The theoretical calculation method proposed in this paper is compared with calculation methods proposed by standards. The study shows that the proposed calculation method is accurate and generally applicable. K E Y W O R D Sfinite element method, flexural loading capacity, high strain-hardening, theoretical calculation formula, UHPC

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For the analysis of the aerodynamic characteristics of the buildings immersed in the atmospheric boundary layer (ABL), it is necessary to generate a turbulence velocity field with similar temporal and special characteristics to the ABL to obtain a reliable result. In this paper, an improved precursor simulation method called the recycling and reshaping method (RRM) is proposed to generate a turbulent boundary layer in an LES model. The laminar inflow is firstly disturbed by the virtual roughness blocks realized by adding drag force term in the momentum equation, then the inflow velocity profile is reshaped every several steps to adjust the streamwise velocity profile in the downstream target area to meet the requirements. The final turbulence field generated by RRM with virtual roughness blocks is in good agreement with the target velocity conditions. Then, the simulation of the wind-induced pressure on an isolated low-rise building surface is carried out, using the generated turbulence boundary layer as inflow. The comparison between numerical results and TPU aerodynamic database shows that the time-averaged wind-induced surface pressure obtained by LES can be considered in good accordance with the measurements over the whole building surface. However, the non-ignorable deviations for the fluctuating pressure result in the flow separation corners still exist.