Static fatigue behavior is the main failure mode of optical fibers applied in sensors. In this paper, a computational framework based on continuum damage mechanics (CDM) is presented to calculate the crack propagation process and failure time of optical fibers subjected to static bending and tensile loads. For this purpose, the static fatigue crack propagation in the glass core of the optical fiber is studied. Combining a finite element method (FEM), we use the continuum damage mechanics for the glass core to calculate the crack propagation path and corresponding failure time. In addition, three factors including bending radius, tensile force and optical fiber diameter are investigated to find their impacts on the crack propagation process and failure time of the optical fiber under concerned situations. Finally, experiments are conducted and the results verify the correctness of the simulation calculation. It is believed that the proposed method could give a straightforward description of the crack propagation path in the inner glass core. Additionally, the predicted crack propagation time of the optical fiber with different factors can provide effective suggestions for improving the long-term usage of optical fibers.

Ultrasonogram is one of the main techniques for the non-invasive observation and the diagnosis of the thyroid gland. And, the thyroid papillary carcinoma (TPC) was usually diagnosed during the regular examination of the thyroid gland. The current diagnosis guideline heavily replies on the experienced clinical endoscopists. This paper comprehensively evaluated four classification algorithms and five image feature extraction algorithms for the TPC diagnosis problem. Our data demonstrated that the Hessian features extracted from the transverse ultrasonograms performed better than those from the longitudinal view. The best model (Acc = 0.9949) was achieved by the seven-layer shallow neural network with the LBP and Hessian features extracted from both the longitudinal and transverse views of the ultrasonograms. INDEX TERMS Thyroid pappilary carcinoma (TPC), transverse ultrasonogram, longitudinal ultrasonogram, feature extraction, deep neural network.

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