The wake of a wind turbine has an important influence on the output power of wind farms. Staggered height layout is an emerging method for the layout optimization of wind farms. In order to study the effect of a staggered height layout on the overall power output of wind farms in depth, we established a combination of two large wind turbines and three small wind turbines arranged laterally between the two large wind turbines, and set four working conditions with different distances between the small wind turbines and the downstream large wind turbines as the research objects. The wind turbine array is analyzed by numerical simulation The layouts add three small wind turbines between the two large wind turbines, and each row of small wind turbines has a different distance from the downstream large wind turbines. The results show that as the distance from the upstream large wind turbine increases, the power of the three small wind turbines on the downstream wind turbine tends to be positive. The numerical simulation suggests that under the inflow wind speed, the closer to the downstream large wind turbine, the higher the wind speed is at the hub height.

Researching the moving speed of particles in a drum is helpful to the optimal design of the rotating device. In this paper, the average mixing velocity of flake particles with different shapes in an elliptical drum is studied. In detail, the mixing systems of rectangular, triangular, and circular flake particles and circular particles are studied; the rollers with different eccentricities are studied; the velocity and periodic variation characteristics of the particle system at 15 rpm and 45 rpm are compared and analyzed; the variation curves of particle average velocity, velocity peak fitting curve (PFC), velocity trough fitting curve (TFC), and velocity fitting under various working conditions are drawn. The results show that the average velocity fluctuation range of the particle system increases gradually with the increase of the eccentricity of the rotating device and the volume of flake particles; the fluctuation of particle average velocity fitting curve and PFC curve in the elliptical drum has a certain cycle, while the fluctuation of the above two curves in the circular rotary device has almost no cycle.

The motion of binary particles in three horizontal rotating drums with continuous rotational speed changes was studied based on the Discrete Element Method (DEM). Different simulation conditions were compared between two circular drums and an elliptical drum using the same number of physical properties for binary particles and drums, rotating at a speed series from 0.01 to 21.9 rad/s. By varying the rotational speed, four flow regimes were produced in the simulation. Flow regimes, velocity vectors, normal forces, and the number of contacts between 1 mm particles and 3 mm particles were comparatively analyzed, especially the particle velocity at transient changing rotational speeds. The results showed that four flow regimes were found at the same rotational speed for three different rotating drums, and normal forces were weakest for the cataracting regime; moreover, the three layers of particles were damaged when the rotational speed was suddenly decreased and the velocity direction of the particle motion was changed at the top of the particles’ bed. The maximum number of contacts was found with the rolling regime, based on the simulation results. The number of contacts of the major axis circular drum was smaller than for the minor axis at the same rotational speed, and the number of contacts of the elliptical drum was the largest among the three rotating drums.

Hydrogen is considered a promising alternative to fossil fuels in integrated energy systems (IES). In order to reduce the cost of hydrogen energy utilization and carbon emissions in IES, this paper proposes a dispatching strategy that coordinates green hydrogen and blue hydrogen in IES. This strategy takes into account the economic and low-carbon complementarity between hydrogen production through water electrolysis and natural gas. To ensure the refined utilization of different types of hydrogen energy, the paper introduces the green hydrogen production-storage-use module (GH-PSUM) and the blue hydrogen production-storage-use module (BH-PSUM). Additionally, the paper analyzes the flexibility in hydrogen load supply and proposes the dynamic response mechanism of hydrogen load supply structure (DRM-HLSS) to further reduce operating costs and carbon emissions. Furthermore, the paper introduces the carbon trading mechanism (CTM) to control the carbon emissions of the integrated energy system. The paper establishes a low-carbon economic dispatch model by comprehensively considering the constraints of each equipment and minimizing the total economic cost of wind power operation, wind power curtailment penalty cost, energy purchase cost, blue hydrogen purification cost, and carbon transaction cost. The rationality of the scheduling model is verified through comparative analysis of the scheduling results under multiple operating scenarios.