Background and Objective: The distribution of components in the cell membrane is not uniform, but is organized into specific functional microdomains, known as "lipid rafts". These lipid rafts consist of cholesterol, sphingolipids, and various proteins. Studies have shown that lipid rafts contain multiple proteins that are closely related to signal transduction and immune response. Furthermore, lipid rafts are the sites where a variety of pathogens invade the cells, and are associated with the persistent infection of some pathogens, especially Helicobacter pylori (Hp). We are going to explore a new method to treat Hp by discussing the important role of lipid rafts in Hp persistent infection.Methods: Papers on lipid rafts were retrieved to analyze the evolution of the definition of lipid raft, research techniques, and studies on the correlation of lipid rafts with pathogens infecting host cells.

Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori ) is an important pathogen that can cause gastric cancer. Multiple adhesion molecules mediated H. pylori adherence to cells is the initial step in the infection of host cells. H. pylori cholesterol-α-glucosyltransferase (CGT) recognizes and extracts cholesterol from cell membranes to destroy lipid raft structure, further promotes H. pylori adhesion to gastric epithelial cells.

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