Surface tensions of carbonated 2‐amino‐2‐methyl‐1‐propanol (AMP) and piperazine (PZ) aqueous solutions were measured by a surface tension meter which employs the Wilhemy plate principle. A thermodynamic model was proposed to correlate the surface tensions of both CO2‐unloaded and CO2‐loaded aqueous solutions by introducing the contribution of CO2 loading into the formulation of surface tension. Based on experiments and calculations, the effects of temperature, mass fractions of amines, and CO2 loading on surface tensions of carbonated aqueous solutions were demonstrated.

This paper investigates the flow structure nearby a rectangular cooling hole on a flat plate by numerical simulations and topological analysis. The velocity ratio ranges from 0.5 to 1.5. Steady Reynolds-averaged NavierStokes simulations and unsteady detached eddy simulations are performed based on the Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model. The time-averaged velocity profiles in the central plane are verified by grid convergence study and comparison with the experimental data. The discussions mainly focus on the effect of the velocity ratio on the vortex structure and the stability of the jet-in-crossflow (JICF) system. The simulation results show that a bifurcation of the vortex system exists with respect to the velocity ratio. The averaged flow goes from a symmetric structure to an asymmetric structure on this bifurcation. The detached eddy simulation results show that both the symmetric vortex system and the asymmetric vortex system with different velocity ratios are stable.

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