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The current state of the anthropogenically transformed chernozems was monitored. The study was conducted in the forest-steppe of the Bashkir Pre-Urals. The monitoring has revealed worse soil fertility, which in turn negatively affects the environment, causing water pollution as a result of the anthropogenic transformation of black soils. The paper presents monitoring results of humus content in the chernozem (black soil) transformed under anthropogenic impacts for 1965-2016. The study data demonstrates that a single lifting of planting material results in the total of carbon removed from the soil in different soil subtypes and different strata within the range of 198 to 839 kg and over per each million of seedlings. These processes bring about a significant reduction in soil organic matter, depletion of nutrients. Application of pesticides and other chemical treatment practices have a negative effect on the quality of soil water. To improve the situation it is necessary to apply grass arable rotation methods as well as phyto-reclamation practices combined with a science-based system of fertilizers.

Soil is a core element of the biosphere, and the soil cover is exposed to major processes that take place within this system. Therefore, it is very important to understand the results of soil research from the perspective of current global and local environmental problems. With the advent of new methods of spatial analysis and techniques for obtaining remote sensing data, geoinformation technologies offer great opportunities for analyzing the natural and ecological state of the region. Therefore, geoinformation analysis of the state of natural and anthropogenic transformed soils is an essential tool for their studying, forecasting the development of the natural environment, and working out the ways of rational farming. As forest territories have a beneficial effect on the natural and climatic situation in general, and vice versa, environmental degradation on agricultural lands will result in worsening the situation on forest lands, it is necessary to consider forest and agricultural areas in close integration with GIS technologies. It should be done to improve the overall natural environmental conditions. The study used soil survey data conducted in 2017-2019. Field and office studies were conducted: samples were taken in the field to determine the agrochemical parameters of the soil, and the data obtained were analyzed using mathematical and statistical methods. Digital cartographic materials were created using geoinformation technologies. The basis for a comprehensive natural and environmental assessment of forest and agricultural areas using geoinformation systems was laid. The studies conducted to identify changes in natural and anthropogenic transformed soils have shown that the contours of soil varieties have changed. In many cases, there is a deterioration in soil properties. The number of fertile chernozem has decreased. In areas with low crop cultivation, there are signs of a decrease in the humus horizon and the development of erosion processes. As a result of the conducted research, a single digital soil and geographical database for forest and agricultural territories were created. The developed methodology and algorithm for creating a database and digital cartographic basis using geoinformation technologies in environmental studies can be recommended as a base for similar studies both in the Republic of Bashkortostan and in other regions.

Purpose. Study of the soil, soil cover and vegetation of the forest park of the city of Ufa. Methods. Soil studies were carried out at a scale of 1: 2000 on a cartographic basis with contours, using standard techniques. Analytical work was performed using the methodological guidelines and GOSTs adopted in soil science and forest science in the Republican Forest Soil and Chemical Laboratory of the MLH RB. Results. Forest coverage of the forest park is 84%. The average age of the park's plantations is 54 years old. This plantings IV-VII age classes. 20% - ripe and overmature stands. The average bonitet of the forest park is 11.7. Average fullness - 0.8. The main soil cover of the park is gray, dark gray, typical structurally differentiated, dark brown-brown, typical texturally differentiated, typical lithozems. In the upper soil layer, the coefficient of structure is 5.2, in the underlying - 4.3. Recreational load of the soil leads to a sharp deterioration of their structure. Conclusion. The limiting factors limiting the state of stands are the shortened thickness of the humus horizon, the heavy particle size distribution, the neutral and weakly alkaline reaction of the soil environment. Plantings are adversely affected by anthropogenic factors, infection by diseases and pests. Reconstruction of growing, placement of new tree species, shrubs and bushes, including introducents, is recommended considering the soil conditions. The data of agrochemical parameters will allow to create optimal nutrition conditions for the formation of various compositions of trees and shrubs.

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