General aspects concerned with (001)-, (110)- and (111)-oriented superlattices (SLs) have been investigated. In particular, the symmetry of these systems have been derived and given in detail. As a test, the obtained data have been utilized to calculate electronic structures and gaps of a standard GaAs/AlAs system using an accurate version of the first principle full potential linear muffin-tin orbital (FPLMTO) method based on a local-density functional approximation (LDA).

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