There were 39 diseased lower limbs. The occlusion sections were located in the superficial femoral artery and/or popliteal artery, and there was no significant stenosis proximal to the point of occlusion. In the 34 patients, there were 28 males and six females, age range 44-78 years old. They were all diagnosed with lower limb occlusive artery disease by computed tomography angiography (CTA). The control group consisted of 10 males and nine females who did not smoke, did not have lower limb arteriosclerosis, vascular malformation, stenosis, or arterial expansion. Blood pressure, blood glucose and lipid levels were in the normal range. This study was conducted in accordance with the Declaration of Helsinki and was