Water blockage is a common phenomenon that significantly deteriorates well deliverability. It is caused by introduction of external water in critical matrix which changes parent saturations thus damaging relative permeability to oil or gas. This paper discusses the case of a gas well that suffered complete loss of production due to water blockage which, however, was later successfully treated and revived using alcohol based recipe. The well K-1 was drilled By UEP in Sindh, Pakistan and encountered hydrocarbon hearing BS-1 and BS-2 Sands. The well was put on commingle production from BS-1 & BS-2. After few months of production, water breakthrough was observed from BS-2 and was subsequently isolated, based on production logging results, using mechanical plug. However, well behavior indicated integrity issue of mechanical plug with well ceased to flow from BS-1. Attempts to revive the well proved futile as K-1 did not revive. Detailed investigations identified that well loaded up due to cross flow of BS-2 water into BS-1 resulting in water blockage. In order to treat water blockage, alcohol based system was used. It is a volatile non-aqueous solvent which basically lowers the surface tension of acid and thereby achieves deeper penetration into rock matrix. Alcohol based recipe proved successful in curing water blockage and reviving the well's production.
Salt precipitation and accumulation in the wellbore is a common phenomenon witnessed in the twilight of gas wells; gas expansion, water evaporation, abrupt changes in pressure and temperature etc. are the main driving forces for its occurrence. Low reservoir pressures helps in water vaporization when quantity of water in gas phase is not high. Reduction in pressure thus causes water vaporization and hence salt accumulation. The salt precipitation results in obstruction of gas flow in purlieu of wellbore, if the problem is not rectified timely it might cease the wellbore completely resulting in complete loss of production. To restore production frequent wellbore cleanout jobs are required, these cleanout jobs are usually carried out through coiled tubing unit and different liquids are utilize ranging from fresh water, nitrified brine, organic acids etc. These all treatments are expensive and effect well economics. Few wells in United Energy Pakistan Limited (UEP) were facing salt precipitation problem and not flowing up to their potential rates, regular wellbore clean out jobs carried out but their impressions were not long lasting and salt again accumulated. In this paper, removal of salt deposition through regular deployment salt sticks on two wells K-1 and T-1 are discussed. In these wells salt sticks are used at different frequencies to overcome salt deposition. Post job results showed improvement in gas rates, gauge cutter runs also confirmed salt deposition is minimized and production is stabilized.
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