HAL is a multi-disciplinary open access archive for the deposit and dissemination of scientific research documents, whether they are published or not. The documents may come from teaching and research institutions in France or abroad, or from public or private research centers. On the other hand, multimedia applications have gained increasing popularity that gives us the opportunity to improve this technology to support video transmission. In limited bandwidth ZigBee networks (250 kbps at 2.4 GHz), how to increase the throughput in constrained environments has become the main challenge. Multi-path becomes a crucial feature in supporting video transmission. Using simultaneous multiple paths provides the bandwidth requirements of multimedia applications. Unfortunately, concurrent transmission creates the problem of inter-path interference mainly due to the broadcast nature of the underlying medium. In this paper, we propose an interference-minimized multipath routing to facilitate MPEG-4 video transmission over ZigBee-based WSNs. This latter is evaluated using comparison with an interfering multipath routing version and the single path routing under different video frame rates. Results show that the proposed interference-aware multipath routing for ZigBee-based WSNs can dramatically reduce the level of interference and thus maximize the overall throughput and improve the received video quality.

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Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (WMSNs) are one of the most challenging applications of WSN. They require large amounts of data to be transmitted with high reporting rates which consume an order of magnitude of resources, such as storage, computation, bandwidth, and energy. On the other hand, the ZigBee standard was originally specified for low data rate, low power consumption, and low cost wireless personal area networks (WPANs), making it suitable to WSN. However, handling high data rate applications, such as video surveillance in WPANs, is a challenge. Simultaneous multipath routing is one solution to increase the available bandwidth in a ZigBee network. In this paper, we proposed Z-MHTR (ZigBee Multipath Hierarchical Tree Routing), a node disjoint multipath routing extension of the ZigBee tree routing protocol in cluster-tree WSNs. Extensive simulations were performed and showed that the propsed multipath routing enhances application performance in terms of packet delivery ratio, end to end delay, and network lifetime even under heavy data rates.

Internet of Multimedia Things (IoMT), a special subset of Internet of Things (IoT), is a novel paradigm which is progressively increasing and gaining in popularity, allowing many multimedia content based applications such as Wireless Multimedia Sensor Networks (WMSNs). The standard IPv6 Routing Protocol for Low power and Lossy Networks (RPL), originally designed for transmitting scalar data traffic of IoT applications, should be customized in order to deal with IoMT applications which pose new challenges and requirements in terms of the Quality of Service (QoS) and the user's Quality of Experience (QoE). For this purpose and thanks to the flexibility and adaptability of RPL, we propose, in this paper, a multipath version of RPL, not defined in the RPL specification RFC 6550, named MP-RPL. MP-RPL leverages the multiparent feature offered by RPL in order to construct multiples end-to-end paths of different qualities based on radio link quality measurements. It is intended to improve the video traffic delivery for IoMT based WMSN applications by simultaneously using the built paths while taking into account the video traffic differentiation as per priority levels. Compared to the traditional single-path RPL, the results obtained from simulations when considering the influence of video characteristics, show that our proposal provides feasible and acceptable QoS and QoE performance metrics for multimedia applications, while maintaining RPL compliance.

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