No abstract

Autism spectrum disorder is a neurodevelopmental disorder with increasing prevalence over the past years. Its grading depends on a time-consuming Scales like CARS, ADOS and GARS scales. Our aim is to study if quantitative EEG can be used as a marker of ASD severity. This is a cross sectional study conducted in the period from September 2021 till March 2022. It included 53 patients (41 males and12 females, with age ranging between 3 and 12 years) diagnosed by an experienced psychiatrist according to DSM5 criteria. Patients were recruited from 4 autism centers in Al-Hillah city. All patients were assessed by history, physical examination and Gilliam autism rating scale (GARS 3). Then they undergo quantitative electroencephalographic recording in awake state. The study results showed that spectral power of delta wave both total and regional were significantly increased as the severity of ASD symptoms increased, while alpha spectral power was decreased with increasing severity of ASD. Beta and theta spectral power was unchanged. Also, at cut off value of power spectrum of delta of =27 Mv, give 75% sensitivity and 100 specificity for grading severe ASD.

Background: Electro-diagnosis plays an important role in the diagnosis of carpal tunnel syndrome (CTS);there are multiple tests available each with different sensitivity and specificity. Objective: This study aims to test the sensitivity and specificity of median-radial sensory latency comparison for diagnosing patients with early CTS .Methods: Hundred patients diagnosed clinically as having CTS with negative ordinary nerve conduction study were included in the study and tested for sensory nerve responses of median and radial nerves recorded from thumb and the difference between measured latency was measured. These patients are matched to 100 normal healthy volunteers. Results: The study found that the values of median sensory and motor latencies show statistically significant difference between patients and control. Also median sensory latency recorded from thumb finger was prolonged in comparison to that of radial nerve recorded from the same finger.Median-radial sensory latency comparison reveal high sensitivity (85%) and specificity (92%).Conclusion: Median-radial sensory latency comparison is helpful in the early diagnosis of CTS and is considered as complimentary part in the electrodiagnosis of CTS.

Objectives: This study aims to find the thickness of muscles of lower limbs in patients with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN) along with echogenicity and applying these two findings in the diagnosis of the disease. Methods: This is a case-control study conducted in the clinical neurophysiology unit in Merjan medical city. It includes 73 patients diagnosed to have DPN based on characteristic history and physical examination and documented by nerve conduction study. These patients are matched to 73 control that has matched age and sex to the patient group. Patient and control are examined by high-resolution ultrasound (12 MHz linear probes). We assess muscle thickness and echogenicity of the tibialis anterior, biceps femoris, and abductor halluces brevis. Results: The study showed that there was a statistically significant decrease in muscle thickness and increase in echogenicity in all tested muscles when compared to the control group. Also, we calculated the cut-off value with sensitivity and specificity of muscle thickness in the diagnosis of DPN. Conclusion: Muscle ultrasound is a useful complementary test for the diagnosis of DPN.