Natural bioactive compounds that trigger apoptosis in medicinal plants might be a promising new source of anti-cancer medications. The present study aimed to assess the anti-cancer potential of the powerful therapeutic plant Chrysanthemum indicum. The whole plant extract was extracted in n-hexane and ethanol solvents to test anticancer and antioxidative capabilities on the cancer HepG2 cell line. The cells in the untreated group had not been exposed to any of the plant extracts. Ethanol and n-hexane extracts were administered to the treated cell lines. Cell viability was estimated by employing standard methodologies for the anticancer potential. Cell death and viability were measured by MTT, trypan blue, and crystal violet tests. The rate of apoptosis was measured in all groups using an Annexin-V ELISA. Furthermore, antioxidant enzyme activity studies were carried out to investigate the scavenging activities of nitric oxide, DPHH radicals, H2O2, and superoxide, scavenging power of the extracts. When cancer cells from the HepG2 cell lines were treated with plant extracts, they showed lower viability, decreased proliferation, and increased apoptosis compared to untreated control cells, according to the findings. Plant extract-treated cancer cells have stronger anti-oxidative scavenging activity than untreated cancer cells. In comparison to the n-hexane extract, the ethanol extract exhibited stronger anti-cancer and antioxidative capability against cancer cells. It was concluded that Chrysanthemum indicum ethanol and n-hexane extracts induce anticancer activity in cancer cell lines by increasing apoptosis, antioxidant status, and decrease proliferation.

Introduction: Inquiry based method is one of the innovations in teaching techniques. Despite its benefits, inquiry based method has not got due popularity in the Pakistani context. Purpose: The objectives of the study were: to examine the effects of Inquiry Based Method on the academic achievement of students Biology at secondary level, to compare the academic achievement of low-achievers of Biology at secondary level taught through inquiry Based Method and Lecture Method, and to compare the academic achievement of high-achievers of Biology of secondary level taught through Inquiry Based Method and Lecture Method. Methodology: Two null hypotheses were formulated in order to achieve the objectives. One hundred twenty (120) science students of grade 10 th (2017-2018) from GGHS No. 2 Haripur were considered as population. Sixty (60) Science students of grade 10 th from GGHS No. 2 Haripur were selected as sample of the study. These students were divided into two equivalent groups i.e. control (n=30) and experimental group (n=30) on the basis of mean scores of pre & post-test on Biology. Experimental group was taught through Inquiry Based Method and control group was taught by Traditional Lecture Method for eight weeks. Results:The analyzed data revealed that experimental group significantly performed better than the control group. Similarly, the lower achievers of experimental group showed significantly better performance than lower achievers of the control group. Recommendations: It was recommended that teachers who are teaching Biology at secondary school level may be trained to teach Biology by applying Inquiry group learning method.