Children are selective cultural learners, and they rely heavily on social cues when determiningwhom to trust in the face of conflicting information. Although theories of cultural evolution predict that prestige, rather than dominance, cues should guide culturally-transmitted learning, preschoolers in two cross-culturally diverse samples were recently reported to selectively endorse the claims of a socially dominant agent. Here we show, however, that preschoolers in Norway, a highly egalitarian culture, did not selectively endorse the claims of a socially dominant, novel agent. This was the case across five fully-blinded experiments, encompassing a total of 249 preschoolers, which also controlled for the possibility that social desirability biases or culturally contingent display rules might account for any lack of preferences for dominant agents. A meta-analysis of all five experiments indicated that participants were equally likely to choose the dominant and subordinate agent. These results suggest that the tendency to endorse the claims of socially dominant individuals do not reliably emerge across culture in early childhood.
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