Background Aneurysm formation of internal carotid arteries (ICA) in patients with mucormycosis is a scarce phenomenon. However, the prevalence of rhino-cerebral mucormycosis has been reported to increase after the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic. Methods Three patients with stroke and subarachnoid hemorrhage due to ICA aneurysm after the involvement of adjacent paranasal sinuses with mucormycosis were presented. All patients were recruited from Namazi and Khalili hospitals affiliated with Shiraz University of Medical Sciences in Iran from April 2021 to May 2021. Results They had a history of diabetes and corticosteroid use. Also, one of them was treated with imatinib. Two out of three patients were infected with SARS-CoV-2 infection before developing mucormycosis. Two patients had diagnostic angiography before endovascular intervention. One patient did not undergo any therapeutic intervention due to total artery occlusion, whereas the other patient experienced a successful parent artery occlusion by coiling, and only this patient survived. Although all patients received antifungal treatment and surgical debridement, two of them died. Conclusions In the patients with rhino-cerebral mucormycosis evolving of aneurysm should be promptly and meticulously investigated by magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) and computed tomography angiography (CTA). As this type of aneurysms was very fast-growing, as soon as the involvement of sphenoid sinus was detected, the possibility of ICA aneurysm formation should always be kept in mind. If the patient developed an aneurysm, prompt intensive antifungal therapy and therapeutic endovascular interventions such as stenting, coiling, or sacrificing should be considered as soon as possible to optimize outcomes.

Delayed cerebral ischemia (DCI) or vasospasm following transsphenoidal surgery (TSS) is a life-threatening and life-altering event that could potentially cause devastating complications, neurological morbidity, and high mortality. Herein, we report the case of a 16-year-old woman without a marked medical history and unusual complications after TSS for pituitary adenoma resection who developed cerebral vasospasm and infarction after TSS. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first case involving a patient under 18 years old and requiring thrombectomy after TSS. Additionally, we present our review of published case reports to underline the most often presentation characteristics, the interval between TSS and vasospasm, and therapeutic management. With respect to our case, we analyzed 27 cases of TSS complicated by symptomatic vasospasm. We include only pituitary adenoma resection and exclude other causes. The mean age was 47.33 ± 15.22 years at the time of surgery, and the male-to-female ratio was roughly equal among cases (female: 51.9%). Following surgery, 85.2% of patients experienced subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), and 22.3% experienced cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) leakage. The mean clinical presentation time of vasospasm ranged from 3 to 13 (mean: 7.5 ± 2.6) days after TSS. At discharge, 51.8% of cases at least had one neurologic complication, including six dead patients (18.5%). A high index of suspicion for vasospasm has been recommended because of the diverse symptoms of this rare condition and the high mortality rate.