The synthesis of yolk/shell spheres including a movable magnetic core, a poly(ionic liquid)s-derived porous carbon shell, and nickel nanoparticles confined within the porous shell is reported.
Porous carbon (PC) material was prepared from the carbonization of pomegranate peel waste. Subsequently, magnetically separable Fe3O4@PC was synthesized from Fe3O4 nanoparticles decorated on PC by the co‐precipitation method of iron ions. Finally, Fe3O4@PC was successfully decorated with palladium nanoparticles in a simple route by reducing H2PdCl4 in the presence of sodium dodecylsulfate, which was used as both surfactant and reducing agent. Additionally, the effect of temperature on the carbonization process was studied. The Pd/Fe3O4@PC nanocomposite was used as an efficient and heterogeneous catalyst for Suzuki–Miyaura and Sonogashira cross‐coupling reactions in an environmentally friendly medium.
A novel catalyst of gold nanoparticles supported on cellulose fibres with the ionic liquid framework (Au NPs@CL‐IL) has been shown to be a highly active and recyclable catalyst for the oxidation of primary and secondary alcohols and reduction of nitroarenes in aqueous media. The reusability of this catalyst is high, and it can be reused ten times without a significant decrease in its catalytic activity. Furthermore, transmission electron micrographs of the recovered catalyst show the presence of well‐distributed Au NPs on the CL‐IL fibres without any aggregation.
In this study, we developed a polymer inclusion membrane (PIM) using the phase inversion technique, based on polymer supports polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) and polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), with chitin as extractive agent (EA). This PIM was used to study facilitated extraction and recovery processes of Astrazon Red FBL 200%, Blue P3R, Direct Turquoise FBL 400% and BEMACID Yellow N-TF dyes from simulated aqueous textile solutions. To explore the composition, structure and morphology of the developed PIM, both FTIR and SEM techniques were used. To explain the performance of the PIM and describe the mechanism of the process studied for the recovery of dyes from simulated wastewater, kinetic and thermodynamic models were also adopted, which are based on Fick’s laws and the saturation law of EA by the substrate (dyes). The overall data indicate that the used EA is effective for theses oriented processes, and the facilitated extraction of dyes is not depending on the pore size but on structures and interactions between the molecules of the EA and the dye.
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