This study investigated shoulder pain as a maternal complication after caesarean section (CS), evaluation of its prevalence and comparison between spinal anaesthesia (SA) and general anaesthesia (GA) groups. A total of 200 women as CS candidates were allocated into two equal groups; SA and GA. The total prevalence of shoulder pain was 39.45%. The two groups were matched according to demographic data. However, the incidence of shoulder pain in the GA group was more than that in the SA group (p =0.004). Shoulder pain in the right shoulder in the GA group was more prevalent than the left shoulder (p <0.001). Moderate severity of shoulder pain was significantly more in the GA group (p =0.000), while in the SA group, the mild severity was significant (p <0.001). Our study revealed that the incidence of shoulder pain after CS is significant. Moreover, shoulder pain was significantly more common in the GA group than the SA group.

This report relates how tracurium was given by mistake, intrathecally, during spinal anesthesia, to a 38-year-old woman, who was a candidate for abdominal hysterectomy. When no analgesia was observed, the mistake in giving the injection was understood. She was evaluated postoperatively by train of four ratio, measuring her breathing rate, eye opening, and protruding of tongue at one, two, twenty-four, and forty-eight hours, and then at one and two weeks, with the final evaluation the following month. The patient had normal timings during the operation and postoperation periods, and no abnormal findings were observed through the first month. This finding was contrary to several studies, which described adverse reactions due to accidental intrathecal injection of neuromuscular blocking drugs.

Background:In this randomized, double-blinded case–control study, we investigated the intravenous effects of ephedrine or phenylephrine on prevention of post–spinal hypotension in elective lower abdominal surgery under spinal anesthesia.Materials and Methods:One hundred and thirty-five patients, American Society of Anesthesiologists physical status I or II candidate for elective lower abdominal surgery under spinal anesthesia were randomized to three groups (45 each). According to their allocated group, patients received either ephedrine 2.5 mg (E group), phenylephrine (P group) 25 mic as vasopressor or the same volume of saline normal as placebo (S group) immediately after the spinal anesthesia. hemodynamic parameters, and complications were recorded.Results:Patients’ demographics were similar in all the groups. The mean systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP), and MAP and also heart rate were similar over time for groups E and P (P > 0.05). The incidence of reactive hypertension was more in group E than group P and placebo (P < 0.05). The incidence of nausea and vomiting were significantly lower in groups E and P in comparison with placebo (P < 0.05).Conclusion:Although the mean fall of SBP and DBP were significantly less in groups E and P compared with placebo but we did not find significant differences in prophylactic use of ephedrine or phenylephrine for prevention of post–spinal hypotension in elective lower abdominal surgery. Vasopressors infusion have added benefit of lower incidence of nausea and vomiting.