No abstract

Current investigation deals with influence of inclusion of nanoparticles within the permeable medium within a tank with circular outer wall. The inner surface is hot and the radiative term has been imposed in temperature equation. Vorticity formula helps us to remove the pressure terms from equations and CVFEM was incorporated to calculate the amount of scalars in each node. With correlating the current data from previous paper, verification procedure was done which demonstrates good accuracy. Permeability has crucial role and greater values of Da results in stronger thermal penetration and isotherms become more disturbed. Intensity of cell augments with rise of Da about 70% in absence of Ha. Impose of Rd cannot affect the isotherms too much while it can change the Nu regarding the definition of this factor. When [Formula: see text], growth of Ha can decline the strength of eddy about 35%. Given [Formula: see text], as Da increases, Nu enhances about 10.24% and 0.25% when [Formula: see text]e5 and 1e3, respectively. Replacing platelet with sphere shape can augment the Nu about 0.38% and 0.6% when [Formula: see text] and 0, respectively.

A photonic sensor based on inversed opal molecular imprinted polymer (MIP) film to detect the presence of chlorantraniliprole (CHL) residue in tomatoes was developed. Acrylic acid was polymerized in the presence of CHL inside the structure of a colloidal crystal, followed by etching of the colloids and CHL elution. Colloidal crystals and MIP films were characterized by scanning electron microscopy and FT-IR, confirming the inner structure and chemical structure of the material. MIP films supported on polymethylmethacrylate (PMMA) slides were incubated in aqueous solutions of the pesticide and in blended tomato samples. The MIP sensor displayed shifts of the peak wavelength of the reflection spectra in the visible range when incubated in CHL concentrations between 0.5 and 10 μg L −1 , while almost no peak displacement was observed for non-imprinted (NIP) films. Whole tomatoes were blended into a liquid and spiked with CHL; the sensor was able to detect CHL residues down to 0.5 μg kg −1 , significantly below the tolerance level established by the US Environmental Protection Agency of 1.4 mg kg −1 . Stable values were reached after about 30-min incubation in test samples. Control samples (unspiked processed tomatoes) produced peak shifts both in MIP and NIP films; however, this matrix effect did not affect the detection of CHL in the spiked samples. These promising results support the application of photonic MIP sensors as an economical and field-deployable screening tool for the detection of CHL in crops.

Nowadays, air pollution and consequently global warming are the major problems that the earth is faced with. These issues can influence climate change and human health. Building façades can play a significant role in the air quality of the urban environment. Therefore, this study draws upon the ability of nature in controlling carbon dioxide to compare three types of bio-façades (i.e. Water façade, Green façade, and Microalgae façade) and to identify an appropriate one. For this purpose, we analyzed documents and scientific literature qualitatively. Then, we identified the aforementioned types of biological façades and selected the most optimal one through the comparison. Additionally, for this comparison, the analytical hierarchy process (AHP) method was employed that resulted in achieving the higher scores by the microalgae façade among other bio-façades mentioned above. The major criteria considered for the AHP analysis included climatic, economic, architectural, environmental, and structural aspects of using the noted bio-façades in buildings. It should be emphasized that the environmental aspect was obtained as the most influential criterion among others. Finally, some technical tips and design requirements for bioreactors are depicted and discussed along with their upcoming challenges and future research direction.