Sex determination of unknown persons plays an important role in forensic medicine. Cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) is an excellent imaging modality for accurate measurement of maxillary sinus dimensions. This study aimed to evaluate whether maxillary sinus measurements on CBCT scans can be applied for sex determination. The width, length, and height of maxillary sinuses in CBCT images of 100 patients (50 males and 50 females) were measured. Student's t-test and discriminant function analysis were used to compare differences in the measured parameters between males and females. The correct predictive accuracy rate of sex determination was 78% in females and 74% in males with overall accuracy of 76%. Based on discriminant analysis, the most pronounced variable in differentiation of sex groups was maxillary sinus height. This study suggests that maxillary sinus measurements can be valuable for sex determination in forensic investigation, especially for cases in which other traditional methods are not applicable.

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Idiopathic polyhydramnios should be considered as a high-risk pregnancy that warrants close surveillance. More studies should be done to detect the best time and interval of fetal surveillance in these patients. Chromosomal and torch studies can determine the definite cause of polyhydramnios.