BACKGROUND
Despite negligible absorption of elemental mercury after acute ingestion, retention in the appendix with subsequent local and systemic complications is possible. We present a case of elemental mercury sequestration in the appendix, managed by laparoscopic appendectomy.
CASE SUMMARY
A 57-year-old Caucasian female was found unconscious following application of long-lasting insulin detemir and ingestion of elemental mercury in a suicidal attempt. Diagnostic investigations revealed several radiopaque collections in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract and elevated mercury levels in the blood. Much of the ingested elemental mercury was eliminated from the GI tract with stools stimulated by several enemas. However, a significant amount of mercury remained sequestrated in the appendix despite all conservative measures. Consequently, following deliberations by an interdisciplinary team of specialists, laparoscopic appendectomy was performed 29 d after the mercury ingestion. The surgery itself and postoperative course were uneventful.
CONCLUSION
Since conservative measures are often unsuccessful in the management of mercury retention in the appendix, surgery remains a compelling option to prevent possible associated complications.
Peritonealna dializa se po vsem svetu uporablja za zdravljenje končne ledvične odpovedi. Ocenjuje se, da se z metodo peritonealne dialize zdravi več kot 200.000 bolnikov v več kot 130 državah, kar je približno 11 % vseh bolnikov na dializnem zdravljenju. V Sloveniji je bilo leta 2013 na nadomestnem zdravljenju zaradi končne ledvične odpovedi skupno 2.077 bolnikov, od tega 52 (2,5 %) na peritonealni dializi. Delež bolnikov, zdravljenih s peritonealno dializo, se je v Sloveniji v zadnjem desetletju zmanjšal predvsem na račun vedno večjega deleža bolnikov z delujočo in presajeno ledvico.Možen zaplet peritonealne dialize je pojav peritonitisa. Incidenca peritonitisa se ocenjuje na približno 0,4 epizode na bolnikovo leto zdravljenja. Smrtnost zaradi peritonitisa se je pri bolnikih na peritonealni dializi v zadnjih desetletjih zaradi preventivnih ukrepov pomembno zmanjšala. Manj kot 5 % epizod peritonitisa se konča s smrtjo, a ocenjuje se, da je peritonitis pomemben pridruženi dejavnik pri približno 16 % vseh smrti.Čas od nastanka peritonitisa do začetka zdravljenja pomembno vpliva na potek in napoved izida peritonitisa, zato je ob prepoznavi bolezni nujno takojšnje ukrepanje. Bolniki s peritonitisom potrebujejo konzervativno in/ali kirurško zdravljenje. Peritonitis zdravimo z odstranitvijo žarišča okužbe, izpiranjem trebušne votline z 0,9-odstotno raztopino NaCl ter uvedbo najprej empiričnega in nato usmerjenega protimikrobnega zdravljenja.Preprečevanje peritonitisa je velik izziv in je pomembno vsaj toliko, kot sta pomembna zgodnja diagnoza in zdravljenje.
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