Potatoes are an annual and the most cultivated tuberous crop worldwide. Potatoes play an important role to fulfil the world’s basic food requirements because of enriched nutrients and delicious taste. Rhizoctonia solani is the most virulent and widely distributed soil-borne fungus that causes severe yield losses of potatoes globally. Several management practices have been adopted to overcome the yield losses inflicted by this fungus. Biocontrol agents play a significant role as mycoparasites and activate defense mechanisms through disease resistance genes to suppress pathogens. Compost is also applied as a soil amendment that increases soil fertility through the addition of organic matter in soil and nutrients uptake in organic form. Besides, it is a rich source of carbon and nitrogen which can address soil erosion, nutrients and organic matter depletion issues and restores soil fertility by adding organic matter and reducing the incidence of soil-borne pathogens in the soil.  Biochar utilization in the agriculture sector is increasing day by day because of its great potential for disease suppression. Both biochar and compost are used commercially to improve plant growth and suppress potato diseases caused by R. solani. Therefore, in this review, we discussed the symptoms on potatoes, epidemiology and biological characteristics of R. solani and summarized to date control strategies mainly focusing on biological, chemical, biochar and compost approaches.

Weeds belong to diverse groups of exotic and native grass species and are considered problematic for significant crops such as Cyperus rotundus or Dhela; Avena fatua or Jungli Jai are considered one of the most dangerous weeds of wheat around the world. The agricultural product loss recorded in Pakistan due to weeds are estimated a 17-25% yield loss in wheat due to weeds, 20-45% loss in maize, 13-41% loss in cotton, 20-63% loss in rice, 10-35% highest loss in sugarcane, and 25-55% in pulses. Many weeds inhibit the growth of other plants with their allelopathic effects through the release of specific inhibiting substances in the topsoil. Several weeds provide them as alternate host plants for various types of insects, pathogenic fungi, bacteria, and viruses that may attack the crop. To meet food demand in the increasing population in upcoming years is a big challenge in Pakistan. The first use of biological control of weeds was reported in 1971, the biological product used to control weeds was called bio-herbicide. It is eco-friendly, safe for non-targeted organisms, practically easy to use, and not involved in health-related risks of humans and animals. This review tried to explain the role of bio-herbicides in the control of weeds.

Now a day food fortification using genetically modified organism was highly popular, secured and affordable for the current food demanded population.  Many commendable uses of microbes were found in genetically modified Food. This review paper attempted to address the impact of microorganisms employed in genetically modified food. PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and other search engines were used to collect papers. The impact of microorganisms in Food Productions was briefly explored and illustrated in the table and figures. Climate resilience, high yield, environmental adaptability, and high protein, 40–50% and 20–40% produced by bacteria and alga respectively, were only a few advantages of foods that have been genetically modified foods with microbes. Additionally, it improves human health by reducing poverty, ensuring food security, and preventing disease. Therefore, genetically modified foods brought a positive impact for human health.

Peach is a temperate fruit and is grown in various edaphoclimatic settings worldwide. Brown rot, caused primarily by Monilinia spp.  is one of the most destructive peach diseases. The disease results in severe pre-harvest and post-harvest losses. More than half of the world’s post-harvest losses of peach can be attributed to brown rot disease. Despite the widespread adoption of management strategies such as pruning, removing fruit mummies, eliminating wild plums, chemical control remains an effective strategy for managing brown rot disease. However, environmental and human health impacts of chemical control and fungicides resistance consequences, these management tactics tend to be re-evaluated. The aim of this review is to comprehensively sum up the available information on the taxonomy, distribution, epidemiology, symptomology, molecular and morphological characterization of brown rot disease, and to date management approaches. However, fast paced current research on brown rot disease of peach management should be carefully updated for the full-proof control of the fungi. Nevertheless, more research and review of the information regarding various aspects of diseases management exclusively biocontrol agents are needed to exploit their actual potential, which is the salient objective of this review. This review will open new avenues giving future prospects and research agenda to the scientists working on this serious pathosystem of peach.