Aim: Comparative evaluation of the fracture resistance of maxillary molar teeth restored with recent composite resins. Materials and Methods: Fifty freshly extracted molar teeth were selected. Ten specimens served as  control –unrestored, unprepared, intact (Group 1). Mesio-occluso-distal cavity preparation was prepared on the rest of the specimens. These specimens were further divided into four groups: prepared but unrestored (Group 2), teeth restored with with Nano hybrid composite (Tetric N-Ceram, Ivoclar Vivadent). (Group 3), teeth restored with Micro hybrid composite (Polofil supra). (Group 4), and teeth restored with Nano filled composite (Filtek Z-350). (Group 5). The specimens were then subjected to compressive axial load using universal testing machine. Data were analyzed using data were analyzed using Statistical package for social sciences software (SPSS v 20.0, IBM Corp.) Results: The positive control group exhibited highest fracture load (377±63.8 Kg-force). There was  less difference seen in between the all recent composite resins (P > 0.05). There is significant difference noted in fracture load between control group and treatment groups Conclusion: Type of the composite restoration makes little  difference in the fracture toughness while restoring MOD cavities.

Calcium ion-releasing ability of different calcium hydroxide-based pulp capping materials was comparatively evaluated in this study. Different brands of cements were taken from different manufacturers and categorized into three groups. Three different brands of Ca(OH)2 cements (Dycal, TheraCal, and Cal LC) were taken prepared by mixing and curing the cements as per the manufacturer’s instructions. Consequently, ion release was measured after 7, 14, and 21 days by argon-based induction coupled plasma mass spectroscopy test. Within the limitations of this study, light-cured Ca(OH)2 cements released a higher amount of calcium ions compared with self-cured Ca(OH)2 cements. Theracal was found to be the highest light-cured calcium ion releasing materials throughout the period of 21 days. In conclusion, further clinical studies are warranted to substantiate the findings of this study.