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In Cuba, the cervical cancer constitutes an important problem of health for its high indexes of morbi-mortality and emotional impact in the population. In the handling of the women with their lesions precursors, the objective consists on preventing the possible progression to cancer invader without sobretratar the lesions with high regression probabilities. Along the time different treatments and protocols have been proven in order to obtaining the best results in the control of this pathology with conservative techniques, in the face of the growing incidence in patient without satisfied parity and minimizing the possibility of residual illness. It was carried out a prospective descriptive study to determine the relationship between the diagnosis of residual illness and clinical-epidemic factors in 428 patients with lesions cervical epithelial of high degree that were conization in the Hospital General Educational Heroes of the Baire during the period 2014-2016. 53% of the studied patients was bigger than 35 years of age, 74% had one or two children, 20% smoked, 38% had an initial cytology of high degree, 46% they had a lesion with an area of 100-199mm2, 90% they were conization for handle diathermic and 29% they were conization for not correlation diagnostics. The surgical margins affected by lesion, the carcinoma histology in situ or micro invader, the area of more lesion 199mm2 and the glandular lesions of the cervical channel constituted factors predictors of residual illness. The presence of these factors predictors meant 79,6% of probability of appearance of residual lesion.

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In the last years, it is evidenced of more remarkable way, an increment of the incidence of the cervical cancer and their lesions precursors in young patients. Conization, as an excisional method, is recommended in the treatment of high-grade epithelial lesions, as well as in the microinvasive stage of cervical cancer when satisfied parity has not yet been achieved. In Clinical Medicine, finding a balance between therapeutic effectiveness and iatrogenic intervention by exaggerated treatments is a challenge, a current scenario in which the probability of the appearance of residual lesions after conization is framed. Although factors related with the biggest probability of appearance of residual lesions are described in patient conizadas, models that demonstrate the interrelation between these variables don't exist; most of the studies are limited to the individual analysis of these factors. The current scientific evidences allow to state that the appearance of post-cone residual lesions is a multifactorial phenomenon dependent on elements related to the nature of the lesion, the surgical technique and the competence of the surgeon; even several of these predictive elements are interrelated in the same patient. The knowledge of these predictors factors of residual lesion, starting from the pattern of the three dimensions, allows to trace clinical and formative strategies of intervention.