Until today, numerous studies evaluated the topic of anthocyanins and various types of cancer, regarding the anthocyanins’ preventative and inhibitory effects, underlying molecular mechanisms, and such. However, there is no targeted review available regarding the anticarcinogenic effects of dietary anthocyanins on skin cancers. If diagnosed at the early stages, the survival rate of skin cancer is quite high. Nevertheless, the metastatic form has a short prognosis. In fact, the incidence of melanoma skin cancer, the type with high mortality, has increased exponentially over the last 30 years, causing the majority of skin cancer deaths. Malignant melanoma is considered a highly destructive type of skin cancer due to its particular capacity to grow and spread faster than any other type of cancers. Plants, in general, have been used in disease treatment for a long time, and medicinal plants are commonly a part of anticancer drugs on the market. Accordingly, this work primarily aims to emphasize the most recent improvements on the anticarcinogenic effects of anthocyanins from different plant sources, with an in-depth emphasis on melanoma skin cancer. We also briefly summarized the anthocyanin chemistry, their rich dietary sources in flowers, fruits, and vegetables, as well as their associated potential health benefits. Additionally, the importance of anthocyanins in topical applications such as their use in cosmetics is also given.

In this work, various concepts and features of anthocyanins have been comprehensively reviewed, taking the benefits of the scientific publications released mainly within the last five years. Within the paper, common topics such as anthocyanin chemistry and occurrence, including the biosynthesis of anthocyanins emphasizing the anthocyanin formation pathway, anthocyanin chemistry, and factors influencing the anthocyanins’ stability, are covered in detail. By evaluating the recent in vitro and human experimental studies on the absorption and bioavailability of anthocyanins present in typical food and beverages, this review elucidates the significant variations in biokinetic parameters based on the model, anthocyanin source, and dose, allowing us to make basic assumptions about their bioavailability. Additionally, special attention is paid to other topics, such as the therapeutic effects of anthocyanins. Reviewing the recent in vitro, in vivo, and epidemiological studies on the therapeutic potential of anthocyanins against various diseases permits a demonstration of the promising efficacy of different anthocyanin sources at various levels, including the neuroprotective, cardioprotective, antidiabetic, antiobesity, and anticancer effects. Additionally, the studies on using plant-based anthocyanins as coloring food mediums are extensively investigated in this paper, revealing the successful use of anthocyanins in coloring various products, such as dietary and bakery products, mixes, juices, candies, beverages, ice cream, and jams. Lastly, the successful application of anthocyanins as prebiotic ingredients, the innovation potential of anthocyanins in industry, and sustainable sources of anthocyanins, including a quantitative research literature and database analysis, is performed.

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King salmon (Oncorhynchus tschawytscha, Walbaum, 1792) samples from the top, belly and tail parts of fillets were brined (8% salt wet brine WB, salt dry brine S, 1:1 brown sugar : salt dry brine DB) for 18 h, and dipped in liquid smoke (LS) for 3 mins. S and DB significantly reduced moisture content and aw after brine, while WB increased moisture content. Therefore, yield decreased with S and DB, while it increased with WB. Color was measured by image analysis. S and DB reduced average L* (darker) while increasing a* and b* (more saturated color). Conversely WB increased L* and reduced a* and b*. LS increased a* and b*, both after 1st and 2nd dipping. Color non‐homogeneity (CCI) increased after S and DB, while decreasing after WB. Visual texture (TCI) increased after S, but decreased after WB and DB. LS application reduced both CCI and TCI. There were significant differences in texture profile analysis parameters due to sample location, and due to treatments. Hardness increased four times after S, and three times after DB, while it did not change after WB. It is possible to modulate the final moisture content, aw, color, visual attributes, and texture by applying different brining methods, and LS dipping regimes for smoked King salmon. Practical Applications Different brining methods allow control of moisture content, water activity, and texture of salmon. There is also a change in color. Liquid smoke dipping enables control of color, when considered together with the brining method. Liquid smoke also affects texture of wet brined salmon. Therefore, modulation of different physical properties is possible by applying brining and liquid smoke dipping combinations.

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