A new visible light-mediated photocatalytic decarboxylative oxyphosphorylation of cinnamic acids with diarylphosphine oxides is described. This reaction is performed under mild conditions to afford the corresponding β-ketophosphine oxides.

Yeast extract is a product prepared mainly from waste brewer's yeast, which is rich in nucleotides, proteins, amino acids, sugars and a variety of trace elements, and has the advantages of low production cost and abundant supply of raw material. Consequently, yeast extracts are widely used in various fields as animal feed additives, food flavoring agents and additives, cosmetic supplements, and microbial fermentation media; however, their full potential has not yet been realized. To improve understanding of current research knowledge, this review summarizes the ingredients, production technology, and applications of yeast extracts, and discusses the relationship between their properties and applications. Developmental trends and future prospects of yeast extract are also previewed, with the aim of providing a theoretical basis for the development and expansion of future applications.

1,2-Bifuctional thiocyanodiphenylphosphinoylation of alkenes is established through the phosphinoyl radical addition followed by Cu-catalyzed thiocyanation. This one-pot reaction is applicable to a range of aromatic, aliphatic, and cyclic alkenes to afford thiocyanodiphenylphosphinoylated compounds in satisfactory yields.

A mild and selective radical nitration/ nitrosation of indoles with NaNO 2 using K 2 S 2 O 8 as oxidant is developed. Free (NH)-indoles and Nmethyl indoles furnished 3-nitro-and 3-nitrosoindoles respectively, in good yields. Contrary to existing protocols, pyrrole selectively afforded 3nitropyrrole. Mechanistic studies showed that the reaction proceeded via an initial formation of nitroso/oxime intermediate, which is further oxidized to the corresponding 3-nitroindole depending on the substitution on the indole N-atom. Furthermore, synthetic transformations were carried out on the synthesized products towards accessing other valuable compounds.