The goal of this study was to examine whether a subject’s emotional competence correlates to attachment styles and parenting styles in children and their parents. The study was conducted with fifty children (9–11 years old) and their parents, both of whose emotional competence (EKF) and parenting style (PAQ) were measured. The attachment styles of parents and children were measured with the Adult Attachment Scale (AAS) and the Bochumer Bindungstest (BoBiTe), respectively. The findings provide initial support to the assumption that attachment is related to emotional competence in parents. This relationship, however, was not significantly correlated in children. In addition, authoritative parenting and permissive parenting were significantly associated with emotional competence in parents. Emotional competence in children showed to be associated with an authoritative parenting style.

Background: The present study aims to investigate the quality of the dyadic relationship between mild Alzheimer patients and their caregivers. The main objective is to evaluate the consistency, agreement and validity of the German version of the Scale for Quality of the Current Relationship in Caregiving (SQCRC). The secondary objective was to examine the association of relationship quality with quality of life (QOL) in patients with mild Alzheimer's disease (AD) and their caregivers. Methods: In this study, a sample of 50 patients diagnosed with mild AD and their primary caregivers were included. Participants underwent a full neuropsychological evaluation. The quality of the relationship between persons with AD and their caregivers was assessed using the SQCRC. Furthermore, other scales of relationship quality, well-being of the person with AD, and well-being of the caregiver were used. Results: The results showed that the SQCRC has a good internal consistency and high validity. Also, relationship quality as rated by the AD patients (r = 0.37, P < 0.1) and their caregivers (r = 0.51, P < 0.1) was significantly correlated with QOL. Conclusions: The findings suggest that many persons with mild AD can rate their relationship quality and that the patient's self-rated relationship quality is a substantial predictor of their QOL.

Attachment style is one of the most significant driving forces across the lifespan as identified by a variety of studies. Many studies have suggested that there might be an association between attachment and mental health. In a different thread of research, studies provided evidence that dysfunctional emotion regulation has a potential impact on an individual’s mental health. The present review has the purpose to examine available papers on the association of adult attachment with mental health with particular emphasis on the role of emotion regulation in this association. A database search was conducted for published data in Psych INFO, Elsevier and Google Scholar by combining search terms: ‘adult attachment’, ‘mental health, diseases or illnesses’ and ‘emotion regulation’. A total of 182 studies were identified and screened, and finally 19 studies met inclusion criteria. Results of this review revealed a moderate association between insecure attachment and several mental disorders. Also, individuals with insecure attachment showed more difficulty in emotion regulation. However, some studies found no positive association between avoidant attachment and mental disease. This review suggests that individual with insecure attachment showed an increased risk for mental disorders and that and emotion dysregulation might mediate this relationship. However, most of studies had non-clinical samples which could affect result. Therefore, further research is needed to examine clinical samples regarding the attachment in adulthood and mental health and the role of emotion regulation to come up with more accurate results in the future.

Objective: A nationally representative sample of US adults was used to examine the prevalence of COVID-19 cases, testing, symptoms, and vaccine uptake, and associations with tobacco product use. Methods: Data came from the 2021 National Health Interview Survey. The 2021 Sample Adult component included 29,482 participants with a response rate of 50.9%. We investigated COVID-19-related outcomes by tobacco product use status and reported national estimates. Multivariable regression models were performed accounting for demographics (e.g., age, sex, poverty level), serious psychological distress, disability, and chronic health condition. Results: In our regression analyses, odds of self-reported COVID-19 infection were significantly lower for combustible tobacco product users (vs. non-users; Adjusted Odds ratio [AOR=0.73; 95% confidence interval [CI]=0.62-0.85]. Combustible tobacco users also were less likely to report ever testing for COVID-19 (AOR=0.88; 95% CI=0.79-0.98), ever testing positive for COVID-19 (AOR =0.66; 95% CI=0.56-0.77), and ever receiving COVID-19 vaccine (AOR=0.58; 95% CI=0.51-0.66) compared to their non-user peers. Compared to non-users, users of any type of tobacco who contracted COVID-19 had higher odds of losing smell (AOR=1.36; 95%CI=1.04-1.77), which was more pronounced among exclusive e-cigarette users. The odds of receiving vaccine were lower for all current exclusive tobacco product users compared to non-users (AORs= 0.40 to 0.70). Conclusions: Continued monitoring of tobacco product use amid the COVID-19 pandemic is crucial to inform public health policies and programs. In addition, efforts to promote COVID-19 vaccination, especially among tobacco product users, are warranted.