Constructing peculiar carbon-based networks built from hybrid structures has been considered as an effective approach to establish a superior scaffold for immobilization of nanoparticles. Herein, we demonstrate a facile and green approach to prepare cobalt oxides (CoO x )-based anode, which is realized by rationally exploiting unique properties of carbonized bacterial cellulose (CBC) and graphene (GN). The unique configuration of GN/CoO x /CBC composite fully enables utilization of the synergistic effects from both three-dimensional nanofibrous network and two-dimensional "flexible confinement" function. Benefiting from their intriguing structural features, the synthesized composite is directly used as electrode for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs), and achieves superior flexibility and reliability, enhanced energy/power density and outstanding cycling stability.