The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of recreational activities on the self-esteem and loneliness level of prisoners as an alternative education. Method: The sample of this research consisted of 23 female prisoners who were randomly selected in Kandira prison and detention house. As preliminary and final tests, these prisoners were given a personal information form, self-esteem and UCLA Loneliness Scale. The program lasted one and a half hours a day, two days a week and twelve weeks. The activities were composed of music, dancing, meditation, sports activities, videos and entertaining competitions. The data were analyzed with Wilcoxon and correlation tests in SPSS 18 package program (p<0.05). The findings: The prisoners were aged between 20 and 59 and they were in prison for less than one year and for 10 years. A statistically positive and significant connection was determined between loneliness preliminary test and final test scores (p=0.001) in the group. A statistically negative connection was calculated in the correlation analysis that was performed between self-esteem level in preliminary and final tests (0.002) and loneliness level in preliminary and final tests (0.012). Conclusion: Recreational activities were specified to have positive effect on increasing the self-esteem level and decreasing loneliness level of the prisoners.

Abstract. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of bicycle training on children with autism on their ability to recognize and ride cycling. The sample of the study consisted of 33 children aged 5-17 years. The prepared program was applied for 3 days per week and 2 sessions for each child separately. "Cycling riding skill observation form for autistic individuals" which prepared by Kavlak was used as a data collection tool.

Cezaevleri, hükümlülerin kendileriyle yüzleştikleri, yaşamlarıyla ilgili kaygılarının olduğu bir ortamdır. Rekreatif etkinlikler bu kaygılarını azaltmada ne kadar etkili olabilir? Araştırmanın amacı, 12 haftalık rekreatif faaliyetlerin ceza ve tevkif evinde bulunan kadın hükümlülerin sürekli kaygı düzeylerine etkisini incelemektir. Çalışmanın örneklemini Kandıra açık ceza ve tevkifevinde bulunan 23 uygulama ve 22 kontrol olmak üzere 45 kadın oluşturmuştur. Bu deneysel bir çalışmadır. Gerekli izinler alındıktan sonra, hazırlanan program hükümlülere bulundukları ortamda uygulanmıştır. Haftada 2 gün ve günde 1.5 saat olmak üzere toplam 12 hafta sürmüştür. Aktivite programını, müzik, dans, meditasyon, sportif faaliyetler, eğlenceli yarışmalar, film ve videolar içermiştir. Veriler, program başlangıcında ve bitiminde uygulanan ön test ve son testlerden elde edilmiştir. Veri toplama aracı olarak kişisel bilgi formu ve Spielberger sürekli kaygı envanteri kullanılmıştır. Güvenirlilik katsayısı (Cronbach's Alpha) ,873 olarak bulunmuştur. Veriler SPSS 18.0 paket programı kullanılarak analiz edilmiştir. Analizde tanımlayıcı istatistikler ve Wilcoxon Testi uygulanmıştır. Anlamlılık düzeyi p<0.05 olarak kabul edilmiştir. Kontrol grubunun ön test ve son testleri arasında ilişki bulunamazken uygulama grubunun ön test ve son test puanları arasında istatistiki olarak anlamlı bir ilişki bulunmuştur. 12 haftalık rekreatif aktivitelerin, kadın hükümlülerin sürekli kaygı düzeyleri üzerine olumlu etkisi olduğu görülmüştür.

The aim of this research is to examine aggression of university students by the level of playing sports.  215 students constituted the sample of this study. Personal information form and “Aggression Scale” were used as a data collection tool. Mann-Whitney U Test and Anova Test were performed for difference between groups and Cronbach’s Alfa (,898) was performed in order to measure reliability of data concerning scale (p<0.05).As a conclusion; it was determined that sport is effective on the aggression level of university students. It was stated that the average aggression level of people who play sports is lower than people who don’t play sports. As there is no difference between ways of playing sports, there is a difference between departments. Males have higher aggression level than females. It is possible to say that sport has aggression reducing effect besides health and entertainment benefits in the direction of these findings.

The aim of this study is to examine the impact of playgrounds drawn in school yards on development and school attachment levels of the children. Sample of the study consisted of 319 students. 164 of them are female students while 155 are male students studying in the 3 rd and 4 th grades in Dr. Ferdi Koçel Elementary School, Yarbay Refik Cesur Elementary School and Saraybahce Elementary School located in the district of Izmit in Kocaeli. As for data collection tools, personal information questionnaire, school attachment scale (Savi, 2011) and school yard playgrounds questionnaire (Basaran, 2017) were employed. The data obtained from the questionnaires were analysed in the SPSS 18 package program and frequency and percentage distributions. Cronbach Alpha, Paired Sample T-Test and Independent T-Test were used (p<0.05). At the end of the study, statistically significant differences were found between pretest/posttest scores of the school attachment scale, while no statistically significant difference was found in the playgrounds questionnaire. Differences were detected among some items of both scales and between pretest and grade in the playgrounds questionnaire. Diverse colourful drawings in the school yards of all elementary schools will be helpful in terms of development and school attachment in children.