Background and ObjectivesWith increasing access to antiretroviral therapy, HIV-infected youth are living longer, but are vulnerable as they navigate the transition to adulthood while managing a highly stigmatized condition. Knowing one's HIV status is critical to assuming responsibility for one's health. The process of disclosure to adolescents living with HIV is not well understood globally, even less so in China. To help address this gap, we explored practices for disclosure to adolescents living with HIV (ALHIV) among Chinese caregivers and clinicians, and the disclosure experiences of the adolescents themselves using qualitative methods.Design and SettingThe study was conducted in 2014 at the Guangxi Center for Disease Control and Prevention ART (CDC-ART) clinic in Nanning, China. We used a qualitative design, incorporating in-depth interviews (IDIs) and focus group discussions (FGDs).Patients and MethodsWe conducted IDIs with 19 adolescent/caregiver dyads and five FGDs with adolescents and clinicians. Adolescent participants were aged 10–15 years, and had contracted HIV perinatally. Using NVivoTM software, we summarized major themes.ResultsOnly 6/19 caregivers reported disclosing to their child; matched adolescents' statements indicate that 9/19 children knew their HIV status. Caregivers planned to disclose when children were 14 years or older. Concerns about stigma toward children and families were associated with reluctance to disclose.ConclusionDisclosure to adolescents living with HIV in China was delayed compared with recommended guidelines. Culturally appropriate disclosure strategies should be developed, focused on supporting caregivers and de-stigmatizing HIV.

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The purpose of this study is to outline global performance and to quantitatively evaluate the current research field hot spots, and the future trends about the water footprint. Bibliometric methods are used to analyze 861 records retrieved from the collection of Web of Science Core (WoS). The performance of publications, categories, countries, institutes, research hot spots, and trends is analyzed in this study by applying CiteSpace and VOSviewer tools. The results revealed that publications about water footprint have experienced two stages: a stable rising period and a rapid rising period. The research pertaining to water footprint is mainly in the fields of virtual water, water use efficiency, water scarcity, water pollution, etc. The People’s Republic of China, The United States of America, Iran, New Zealand, and Italy get higher rankings in paper output, and the Chinese Acad of Sciences, Beijing Normal University, Northwest A&F University, Beijing Forestry University, University of Twente and Hohai University achieve a high ranking on water footprint research. In addition, further studies in research frontiers have revealed that climate change, sustainable agriculture, and water conservation will become popular directions and trends in water footprint research.