Rice papers made of non-glutinous rice are a common food item in Vietnam and Thailand. Called as Banh Da Nem in Vietnam, rice papers are used very often in the making of a traditional dish called Nem, i.e., Vietnamese spring rolls. The amino acid content in the rice papers extracted with water was found to be 2 to 3 fold higher than that in cooked rice, showing that the protein was resolved by microbial enzymes during the rice paper processing. Among organic acids, Iactic acid is most common in rice papers, indicating that lactic bacteria is involved in the nranufacturing. Many Gram-positive bacteria: Streptococcus constellatus, Streptococcus acldominimus, Staphylococcus capitis, Lactobacillus curvatus, Lactobacillus salivarius, and Gram-negative bacteria: Enterobacter cloacae, Klebsiella sp., Pseudomonas sp., along with wild type yeast were isolated from the milled-rice.

No abstract

No abstract

Traditional wheat flour foods in many Asian countries are produced by natural fermentation. Enterobacter cloacae GAO was isolated from the starter of traditional flour fermented foods. Immunoblotting with the serum of the patient using this flow showed that an immunological reaction of the fermented foods with Enterobacter cloacae GAO was different from that with yeast. The bacteria were isolated from traditional wheat flour foods and identified as Bacillus sp, Lactobacillus sp, Leuconostoc sp. and Lactococcus sp. The fermentation time of 'mantou' by enzymes of a B. pumilus and yeast mixture was shorter than the time with yeast alone. The sensory evaluation showed that the 'mantou' prepared with B. pumlus and yeast was as good as that with Enterobacter cloacae GAO or yeast alone. Different immunoblotting patterns were observed in the case of the 'mantou' prepared with yeast or E. cloacae GAO. The salt-soluble protein of 'mantou' prepared with B. pumilus and yeast has about 1/20-1/30 in comparison of the inhibition obtained with the control in RAST inhibition experiments.