Rapeseed is a globally cultivated commercial crop, primarily grown for its oil. High-density single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) arrays are widely used as a standard genotyping tool for rapeseed research, including for gene mapping, genome-wide association studies, germplasm resource analysis, and cluster analysis. Although considerable rapeseed genome sequencing data has been released, DNA arrays are still an attractive choice for providing additional genetic data in an era of high-throughput whole-genome sequencing. Here, we integrated re-sequencing DNA array data (32,216, and 304 SNPs) from 505 inbred rapeseed lines, allowing us to develop a sensitive and efficient genotyping DNA array, Bnapus50K, with a more consistent genetic and physical distribution of probes. A total of 42,090 high quality probes were filtered and synthesized, with an average distance between adjacent SNPs of 8 kb. To improve the practical application potential of this array in rapeseed breeding, we also added 1,618 functional probes related to important agronomic traits such as oil content, disease resistance, male sterility, and flowering time. The additional probes also included those specifically for detecting genetically modified material. These probes show a good detection efficiency and are therefore useful for gene mapping, along with crop variety improvement and identification. The novel Bnapus50K DNA array developed in this study could prove to be a quick and versatile genotyping tool for B. napus genomic breeding and research.

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The gate is important equipment of hydraulic structures. However, the special underwater working environment of the gate would cause corrosion of the in-service gate inevitably. The corrosion of steel would lead to the decrease of static bearing capacity and the instability of dynamic performance of gate structure. Therefore, in recent years, more and more studies on gate corrosion have been carried out. The hydrodynamic effect has an important influence on the dynamic performance of the gates under water operation, which include natural frequencies and modes. It is worth noting that the variation of the natural frequency and the mode have been used as the overall indexes of the steel gate in the structural inspection. These indexes are insensitivity to the detection of local pitting corrosion, and strain mode is better than these overall indexes. In this paper, the finite element dynamic analysis of the radial gate has been carried out by considering the fluid-solid coupling effect, and the arm has been taken for the corrosion simulation. It is found that under the condition of small area corrosion, the natural frequency of the steel gate did not change significantly. The local evaluation index of the strain mode (the change of the strain mode around the corrosion was obvious) could clearly determine the corrosion position of the steel gate.

The balance between strength and plasticity has always been an urgent problem for researchers to solve. In this experiment, Ni-Cu heterostructures (HSs) were synthesized by spark plasma sintering (SPS), rolling deformation, and subsequent heat treatment. The density of the Ni/Cu interface of Ni-Cu HS materials can be independently tuned, and thus the effect of hetero-deformation-induced (HDI) strengthening in Ni-Cu heterostructures can be tuned. The density of the Ni/Cu interface is tuned by adding Cu with different volume fractions to obtain the best combination of strength and plasticity. Compared with the previous HSs, the hardness differences between different regions of Ni-Cu HSs are more significant, and they are all composed of single substances. The hard Ni domain and the soft Cu domain are not only different in phase composition but also different in grain size. More interestingly, the density of the hard/soft domains can be adjusted independently, which provides a new way to explore the strength and plasticity balance of HS materials. The yield strength of Ni-Cu HS materials first increases and then decreases gradually with the increase in the Cu volume fraction. When the Cu volume fraction is less than 30%, the HDI strengthening effect in the Ni-Cu HS material can offset the effect of the yield strength reduction caused by Cu; with a further increase in the Cu volume fraction, the HDI strengthening effect is less than the yield strength reduction effect brought on by Cu.