Hierarchical hollow NiCo2S4 microspheres with a tunable interior architecture are synthesized by a facile and cost‐effective hydrothermal method, and used as a cathode material. A three‐dimensional (3D) porous reduced graphene oxide/Fe2O3 composite (rGO/Fe2O3) with precisely controlled particle size and morphology is successfully prepared through a scalable facile approach, with well‐dispersed Fe2O3 nanoparticles decorating the surface of rGO sheets. The fixed Fe2O3 nanoparticles in graphene efficiently prevent the intermediates during the redox reaction from dissolving into the electrolyte, resulting in long cycle life. KOH activation of the rGO/Fe2O3 composite is conducted for the preparation of an activated carbon material–based hybrid to transform into a 3D porous carbon material–based hybrid. An energy storage device consisting of hollow NiCo2S4 microspheres as the positive electrode, the 3D porous rGO/Fe2O3 composite as the negative electrode, and KOH solution as the electrolyte with a maximum energy density of 61.7 W h kg−1 is achieved owing to its wide operating voltage range of 0–1.75 V and the designed 3D structure. Moreover, the device exhibits a high power density of 22 kW kg−1 and a long cycle life with 90% retention after 1000 cycles at the current density of 1 A g−1.

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The standard sodium concentration for RNA optical melting experiments is 1.021 M. Algorithms that predict Tm, ΔG°37, and secondary structure from sequence generally rely on parameters derived from optical melting experiments performed in 1.021 M sodium. Physiological monovalent cation concentrations are much lower than 1.021 M. In fact, many molecular biology techniques require buffers containing monovalent cation concentrations other than 1.021 M. Predictions based on the 1.021 M Na+ parameters may not be accurate when the monovalent cation concentration is not 1.021 M. Here, we report thermodynamic data from optical melting experiments for a set of 18 RNA duplexes, each melted in a wide range of sodium ion concentrations (71, 121, 221, and 621 mM). Using this data and previously published data for the same sequences melted in 1.021 M Na+, we report Tm and ΔG°37 correction factors to scale the standard 1.021 M Na+ RNA parameters to other sodium ion concentrations. The recommended Tm correction factor (eq 21) predicts the melting temperature within 0.7 °C, and the recommended ΔG°37 correction factor (eq 26) predicts the free energy within 0.14 kcal/mol. These correction factors can be incorporated into prediction algorithms that predict RNA secondary structure from sequence and provide Tm and ΔG°37 values for RNA duplexes.

Adeno-associated virus (AAV) vectors are important delivery platforms for therapeutic genome editing but are severely constrained by cargo limits. Simultaneous delivery of multiple vectors can limit dose and efficacy and increase safety risks. Here, we describe single-vector, ~4.8-kb AAV platforms that express Nme2Cas9 and either two sgRNAs for segmental deletions, or a single sgRNA with a homology-directed repair (HDR) template. We also use anti-CRISPR proteins to enable production of vectors that self-inactivate via Nme2Cas9 cleavage. We further introduce a nanopore-based sequencing platform that is designed to profile rAAV genomes and serves as a quality control measure for vector homogeneity. We demonstrate that these platforms can effectively treat two disease models [type I hereditary tyrosinemia (HT-I) and mucopolysaccharidosis type I (MPS-I)] in mice by HDR-based correction of the disease allele. These results will enable the engineering of single-vector AAVs that can achieve diverse therapeutic genome editing outcomes.

A three-dimensional (3D) composite consisting of nickel–cobalt (Ni–Co) dual hydroxide nanoneedles (NCDHNs) grown on a carbon nanotube (CNT) material, denoted as CNTs@NCDHNs, was designed using a facile one-step hydrothermal method. This composite was further fabricated into electrodes, which exhibited high rate capability and long cycle life. Comparative analysis of the electrochemical performance between 3D CNTs@NCDHNs electrodes and Ni–Co hydroxide electrodes revealed that the high rate capability and long cycle life of the CNTs@NCDHNs are due to a synergistic effect. The CNTs@NCDHNs exhibited a high specific capacitance of 1823 F g–1 at a current density of 1 A g–1, and more than 77.6% of the capacitance was retained at a charge–discharge rate of 20 A g–1. To evaluate the functional behavior of the CNTs@NCDHNs, quasi-solid-state cells using CNTs@NCDHNs as the positive electrode and rGO–Fe2O3 as the negative electrode were assembled and tested. These devices presented ultrafast charge–discharge rates of up to 20 A g–1 with high rate capabilities and excellent long-term cyclic stability. The corresponding quasi-solid-state device presented a high energy density of up to 54.6 Wh kg–1 at a power density of 1.13 kW kg–1 and an energy density of 35.8 Wh kg–1 at 12.4 kW kg–1 when a voltage in the range 0–1.6 V was applied. Moreover, the device exhibited optimal flexibility, stability, and safety under different extreme conditions.