A series of new benzimidazolium salts and ruthenium­(II) complexes containing chelating N-heterocyclic carbenes (NHCs) functionalized with a benzylic group and an acetal group were prepared. All of the synthesized compounds were characterized by elemental analysis and NMR spectroscopy, and the molecular structures of 2c and 2d were determined by X-ray crystallography. All of the complexes were tested in the alkylation of cyclic amine derivatives with alcohols and showed excellent activity in this reaction. Cyclic amines were alkylated with primary and heteroaromatic alcohols. The Ru–NHC complexes also catalyzed N,C3-dialkylation of cyclic amines.

Exploiting organic heterojunction effects in electrical devices are an important strategy to improve the electrical conductivity, which can be utilized into improving the conductometric gas sensors performances. In this endeavor, the present article reports fabrication of organic heterostructures in a bilayer device configuration incorporating octasubstituted nickel phthalocyanines (NiPc) and radical lutetium bis-phthalocyanine (LuPc 2 ) and investigates their sensing properties towards NH 3 vapor. NiPc having hexyl sulfanyl, hexyl sulfonyl and p-carboxyphenoxy moieties are synthesized, which electronic effects are electron donating, accepting and moderate accepting, respectively, also validated by cyclic voltammetry. The electronic effects of substituents in NiPc modulate the interfacial electrical conductivity and the type of the organic heterojunction formed. The electron acceptor and donor groups favor the formation of accumulation and accumulation/depletion heterojunctions, which are also correlated to negative and positive response towards NH 3,

Alkylthio-tetrasubstituted-nitrido diiron phthalocyanines complexes are synthesized with n-butyl, iso-butyl, tert-butyl and n-hexadecyl alkyl moieties. For the first time, a spectroelectrochemical investigation of -nitrido diiron phthalocyanines is achieved at all the redox steps. The complexes are stable in all their redox states, unlike their unsubstituted analogues The interest of the present complexes is to prepare sensing devices by a solution processing method. Films are characterized by electronic absorption and Raman spectroscopies. Electrical measurements on resistors show the highly resistive behavior of these complexes, whatever the chain length. However, when combined with the lutetium bisphthalocyanine, an intrinsic semiconductor, these complexes form heterojunctions that exhibit a high sensitivity to ammonia, with a very good signal over noise ratio, at room temperature and in atmospheric conditions.

CoPc(COOH)[Formula: see text]-TiO[Formula: see text] nanocomposites to be used as efficient visible light photocatalysts were obtained by modifying TiO2 nanoparticles with cobalt(II) tetracarboxyphthalocyanine (CoPc(COOH)[Formula: see text]). The photocatalyst was then characterized by ultra-violet diffuse reflectance spectroscopy (UV-DRS), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The UV-DRS spectra showed that the absorbance spectrum of the modified catalyst was shifted to the visible region. Different textile dye solutions of Reactive Red 180, Acid Red 88 and Direct Orange 46 were efficiently degraded under visible light. Color removal rates were established to be 30%, 53% and 47% after 180 min for RR180, AR88 and DO46 dyes, respectively. The optimum catalyst concentration was determined to be 1 g/L of CoPc(COOH)[Formula: see text]-TiO[Formula: see text]. Development of the CoPc(COOH)[Formula: see text]-TiO[Formula: see text] nanocomposite photocatalyst enabled the utilization of visible light irradiation for efficient photodegradation of organic textile dye solutions.

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