Atriplex nitens, which can grow in extreme ecological conditions and produce a high amount of forage material, has been seen as an important alternative forage source for livestock. With the present study, the effect of different sowing (mid-April, late-April, early-May, mid-May) and harvesting periods (end of vegetative period, beginning of flowering, full flowering period) on forage quality was tried to be determined. For this purpose, a study was planned according to randomized complete block design in split plots with three replications in Iğdır irrigated conditions in 2019 and 2020. As a result of the study, the forage quality values of the stem, leaf and whole plant differed according to the sowing and harvesting periods. Accordingly, it was determined that the crude protein, dry matter digestible, disgestible energy, metabolic energy and relative feed value of the stem, leaf and whole plant increased as the sowing time was delayed, but neutral detergent fibre and acid detergent fibre ratios decreased. Similar results were obtained by moving harvests to an earlier time. As a result, it was determined that the stem, leaf and whole plant produced a low, very high and medium quality forage material in late sowing and early harvests, respectively.
Kinoa tohumları yaygın bir şekilde insan beslenmesinde kullanılırken, son yıllarda otu da hayvan beslenmesinde tercih edilir hale gelmiştir. Ancak kurutulduğunda kinoanın yaprakları ufalanıp dökülmekte ve sapları da sertleşmektedir. Bu da, sindirilebilirdik oranını ve lezzetliliğini düşürdüğü için kinoanın kuru ot olarak kullanımını sınırlandırmıştır. Bu nedenle kinoa otunun silaj olarak değerlendirilmesi bir avantaj olarak görülmüştür. Mevcut araştırma ile kuru şartlarda 4 farklı sıra aralığı (17.5, 35.0, 52.5 ve 70.0 cm) ile yetiştirilen 2 kinoa çeşidinin (Sandoval Mix ve Oro de Valle) silaj kalite özelliklerinin (kuru madde oranı, amonyak üretimi, silaj pH’sı, olması gereken pH, yaprak oranı, ham protein oranı, NDF oranı, ADF oranı, ham kül oranı, fleig puanı, duyusal analizler, laktik asit, asetik asit, propiyonik asit ve bütirik asit oranı) belirlenmesi hedeflenmiştir. Bu amaçla 2021 yılında tesadüf bloklarında faktöriyel deneme desenine göre üç tekerrürlü bir deneme planlanmıştır. Çalışma sonucunda Sandoval Mix çeşidine göre Oro de Valle çeşidinin daha yüksek kuru madde oranına, olması gereken pH’a, laktik asit, propiyonik asit ve bütürik asit oranına ve daha düşük yaprak oranına, ham protein, ham kül ve asetik asit oranına sahip olduğu görülmüştür. Sıra aralığı açısından değerlendirildiğinde, sıra aralığı arttıkça kuru madde oranı ve olması gereken pH düşerken, yaprak oranı, ham protein, ADF, ham kül ve asetik asit oranının arttığı belirlenmiştir. Mevcut bu sonuçlar kaliteli bir silaj için ekimlerin dar sıra aralığında yapılması gerektiğini ve Oro de Valle çeşidinin silajlık materyal olarak kullanılabileceğini göstermiştir. Ancak daha kaliteli bir kinoa silajı için laktik asit üretimini arttıran, amonyak üretimini ve pH’yı düşeren katkı maddelerinin kullanılması gerektiği sonucuna varılmıştır.
Phragmites australis remained inactive in saline drainage channels has been seen as an important potential to reduce the roughage deficit needed in animal nutrition. For this purpose, some yield, fermantation, chemical and nutritional characteristics of its herbage and silage obtained from the end of the vegetative stage (EVS), the beginning of panicle (BP) and the full panicle stage (FPS) were determined. The study was carried out in Igdir, located in the North-East of Turkey, in 2021-2022. The results showed that the forage yield characteristics increased as the development period progressed. High lactic acid and low pH, acetic, propionic and butyric acid contents desired in silo feeds were obtained from the cuttings at FPS. In addition, ammonia production was low in silages at BP and FPS, but high the fleig score. It was observed that the dry matter digestibility, metabolic energy and relative feed value were higher while dry matter ratio, crude protein, acid detergent fibre and raw ash content of herbage according to silage were lower. The desired chemical and nutritional values in both herbage and silage were determined at the most suitable BP. As a result, it was determined that the Common reed was appropriate to harvest in FPS for a silo feed with high yield and fermentation properties. In addition, it was concluded that the herbage and silage harvested at BP produced a higher quality feed material in terms of nutritional and chemical composition, respectively.
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