Objectives: To identify continuing symptoms of individuals in the post-COVID period. To begin with our study was planned to research the most common persistent symptoms in the post-COVID period, and additionally to research whether or not there were differences between the most frequent initial symptoms in the 1st, 2nd and 3rd waves of the pandemic. Methods: Cases attending the internal medicine clinic infected with COVID-19 who were minimum 120 days past the infection were included in the study. The study was shaped by responses of cases to open-ended questions. Results: From a total of 2,802 clinical attendances, 1,005 cases were included in the study. Of cases, 9.3% required clinical monitoring and 1.7% required intensive care during infection. The mean number of persistent symptoms was 1.38, with the most common persistent symptoms being 11.2% fatigue/tiredness, 6.1% shortness of breath, and 4.6% back and low back pain. Mean number of initial symptoms was 1.63, with the most common initial symptoms being 21.2% fatigue, 19.4% fever and 19.1% headache. Persistent chest pain was most common among those infected in the 1st wave, while there were no other significant differences observed between pandemic waves. Conclusions: The most common persistent symptoms were consistent with the general literature data; however, our condition of minimum 120 days past infection allowed a range of symptoms to ameliorate. Our results are more realistic in this way. A range of rare persistent symptoms emerging in our results were not encountered in the literature, while our study is unique as there is no other study comparing pandemic periods.

Background: The increasing global population and prolongation of lifespan has led to frailty becoming an important health problem. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effects of having living and deceased children on frailty among older parents. Methods: A total of 98 patients aged ≥65 years were included in the study. Data on the number of male, female, and deceased children were obtained. All patients were evaluated for frailty using the FRAIL Index (FI) and Tilburg Frailty Indicator (TFI). This study is prospective. Results: A weak, positive correlation was found between the total number of children and FI in female participants (r: 0.435; P = 0.001; P< 0.01), whereas a weak, positive correlation was noted between the number of female children and FI (r: 0.400; P = 0.001; P < 0.01). No statistically significant correlation was found between the number of male children and FI (P > 0.05). A moderately positive and statistically significant relationship was also found between the number of deceased children and FI (r: 0.517; P = 0.001; P < 0.01). Frailty ratios did not significantly differ based on the number of male, female, and deceased children (P > 0.05). A weak, positive correlation was found between the number of male children and TFI (r: 0.369; P = 0.029; P < 0.05). Conclusions: We showed that having female children in women and male children in men increases the risk of frailty among older Turkish parents. Additionally, having a deceased child increases the probability of frailty among older mothers. Therefore, the “child” factor should be given importance when evaluating frailty risk in older individuals.

Objectives: There are publications showing sleep quality is impacted in type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) cases. In our study, we planned to assess the prevalence of sleep disorder in these patients compared to society, and investigate whether poor glycemic regulation and increased body mass index (BMI) caused disruption of sleep quality or not. Methods: Sleep quality was compared between patients followed in our clinic with T2DM (n = 534) for minimum 5 years and a control group (n = 269). Assessment was performed for whether increased glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) and increased BMI caused an increase in Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score or not. Cases with any comorbid disease or drug use affecting sleep quality were excluded from the study. Results: T2DM patients had higher PSQI points compared to the control group. A statistically significant, very low-level positive correlation was identified between BMI measurements and PSQI scores (as BMI increased, PSQI increased). A statistically significant, very low-level positive correlation was identified between HbA1c measurements and PSQI scores (as HbA1c increased, PSQI increased). HbA1c measurements of those in the good sleep quality group were significantly lower compared to those in the moderate sleep quality and poor sleep quality groups. The BMI measurements in the poor sleep quality group were significantly higher than those in the good sleep quality group. Conclusions: The sleep quality of T2DM cases was worse compared to the control group, while the increase in HbA1c level further disrupted sleep quality. The increase in BMI is another factor disrupting sleep quality in diabetic patients.

TURKISH NATIONAL GEOGRAPHICAL INFORMATION SYSTEM EVALUATION OF COMPONENTS OF THE INTEGRATION PROJECTPresidential Decree No. 49 on Geographic Information Systems, ensuring coordination between public institutions and organizations on issues related to geographic information systems and the National Geographic Information System and infrastructure, establishing targets and strategies, geographical data themes determining the procedures, principles and standards for the production and updating, management, use, access, security, sharing and distribution of geographical data and information in the field, and the duties, authorities and responsibilities of the boards, public institutions and organizations, real and legal persons established within the scope of this decree intended.In line with the basic policies and strategies determined within the scope of the Turkish National Geographic Information System (TUCBS), determining the existence of geographical data, geographical data services and metadata belonging to central public institutions and organizations and local governments, ensuring their continuity in line with the sharing and use of geographical data services and metadata, and in this regard TUCBS Integration Project has been carried out since 2018 in order to raise awareness of all stakeholders with the training and workshop organizations to be held.With the works carried out in this project; The geographical data availability of our country has been determined, awareness has been raised in all institutions producing geographical data, and the methods of transferring the metadata of the data to the National Geographic Information Platform together with the geographical data services have been comprehensively revealed with a road map.

Introduction: MAFLD is a new diagnosis that has been brought to the terminology in the last 2 years, and it is thought that the main mechanism underlying its development is Insulin Resistance (IR). In our study, it is planned to research the role of IR level in the etiology of patients with MAFLD. Method: 265 individuals with MAFLD are included in the study by examining their sub-parameters of case diagnosis. While 85 patients have T2DM, 180 patients are found to be Prediabetic. IR is calculated with HOMA-IR. The value of 2.5 and above is considered as high, and below 2.5 is considered as normal. The ratios of HOMA-IR levels and their relationship between waist circumference and BMI were examined. Findings: The value of HOMA-IR was found high in 60.6% of prediabetic MAFLDs, while it was normal in 39.4% of them. Age ((p=0.001; p&lt;0.01) and waist circumference (p=0.028; p&lt;0.05) in the T2DM group were found to be higher than the prediabetic group. Very weak positive correlation was found between HOMA-IR and BMI (r=0.223; p=0.003; p&lt;0.01) and waist circumference (r=0.205; p=0.006; p&lt;0.01) in the prediabetic group. In the T2DM group, there was a very weak positive correlation between BMI and HOMA-IR (r=0.254; p=0.019; p&lt;0.05). Conclusion: In our study, IR was not detected in 39.4% of patients with MAFLD. This result leads us to think that insulin sensitizing agents may not be effective in this patient group in patients with normal IR levels. We think that these agents will not be effective in patients with normal IR levels. Our study should be supported with experimental and histological MAFLD studies.