Objective We report the early and long‐term results of the strategies and surgical methods used in our center to treat pediatric patients who underwent surgical intervention to correct Ebstein anomaly (EA) in our center. Materials and Methods In our study, a consecutive sample of 29 patients who underwent surgery for EA between February 2011 and February 2020 in our center were evaluated retrospectively. Results The 29 patients underwent a total of 40 operations. Univentricular repair was performed in 5 (17.2%), 1.5 ventricular repair in 5 (17.2%), and biventricular repair in the remaining 19 (65.5%) patients. Cone reconstruction (CR) was performed in eight (27.5%), non‐Cone tricuspid valve (TV) repair technique in five (17.2%), ring annuloplasty in two (6.9%), and TV replacement in two patients (6.9%) who had undergone biventricular repair. In two patients (6.9%), only close an atrial septal defect. Two (6.9%) patients underwent a second operation for advanced tricuspid regurgitation (TR) in the early period. None of the 15 patients who underwent CR and TV plasty had moderate or advanced TR before discharge. Early mortality was seen in 1 (3.4%) patient. The mean follow‐up period of the patients was 48.4±27.6 months. Three (10.7%) of the patients who were discharged after their first operation later underwent a second operation for TV regurgitation in the long term. No mortality was observed in any patient during long‐term follow‐up. Conclusion Surgical treatment of EA is difficult, but its overall results are good. The anatomical repair rate is lower in neonatal and infant patients requiring surgery, but most of these patients underwent biventricular repair. Our long‐term results demonstrated an acceptable survival rate, low mortality in the early postoperative period, and low incidence of re‐intervention and morbidity.

Introduction:The purpose of this study is to evaluate the mortality, morbidity, postoperative course, and mid-term complications of patients who underwent surgical repair of ventricular septal defect (VSD) after the infantile period. Patients and Methods:We retrospectively reviewed 80 patients, older than 1 year, who were operated in our center between 2014 and 2018. We defined "prolonged" as the condition in which the mechanical ventilation was more than 24 hours, ICU stay was longer than 3 days, and hospital stay was longer than 7 days. We considered cardiopulmonary resuscitation, need for extracorporeal membrane oxygenator, complete atrioventricular block requiring permanent pacemaker (PM) implantation, diaphragm paralysis, neurological complications, acute renal failure, and unplanned reoperation as the major adverse events (MAE). Results:The median age of patients was 3 (1.5-20) years. There were 31 (38.8%) female patients in our study. The median operation weight was 12.3 kg (8-60). Indications for operations were pulmonary hypertension (PH) in 30 (37.5%) patients, aortic regurgitation and aortic valve prolapse in 30 (37.5%) patients, and left ventricular (LV) dilatation in 20 (25%) patients. We did not observe mortality in any of the cases. We observed MAE only in one patient (1.3%) (PM implantation). The mean follow-up period was 2.9 ± 1.9 years. Pulmonary arterial pressure decreased significantly after surgery (20% vs. 0% of patients with severe PH, p < 0.001). Left ventricular end-diastolic diameters (LVEDDs) were significantly decreased after operation, and this condition persisted in the mid-term follow-ups (LVEDD: 36.9 ± 9.7 vs. 33.0 ± 6.6, p= 0.02). Conclusion:Patients with VSD who are awaiting spontaneous closure after the infantile age are highly recommended to undergo rigorous follow-ups. A meticulous examination of patients with late onset VSD preoperatively with a prompt referral to surgery will maintain satisfactory outcomes in early and late mortality and morbidity rates.

Introduction: Isolated aortic coarctation performed through a left thoracotomy resection and end-to-end anastomosis results in low mortality and morbidity rates. Recoarctation and late hypertension are among the most important complications after such repairs. In this study, we reviewed the results of children who underwent left-side thoracotomy to correct an isolated aortic coarctation. Method: A consecutive sample of 90 patients who underwent resection and extended end-to-end anastomosis through a left-side thoracotomy in our centre between 2011 and 2021 was retrospectively analysed. The patients' preoperative characteristics, operative data, and post-operative early and long-term results were examined Results: All patients underwent resection and extended end-to-end anastomosis. A pulmonary artery band was applied simultaneously to three (3.3%) patients, and an aberrant right subclavian artery division was applied to one (1.1%) patient. The mean cross-clamp time was 29.13 ± 6.97 minutes. Two (2.2%) patients required reoperation in the early period. Mortality was observed in one (1.1%) patient in the early period. Eight (8.8%) patients developed recoarctation, of whom four (4.4%) underwent reoperation and four (4.4%) underwent balloon angioplasty. Twenty-two (26.8%) patients received follow-up antihypertensive treatment. The mean follow-up period was 41.3 ± 22.8 months. No mortality was observed in the late period. Conclusion: Isolated coarctation is successfully treated with left-side thoracotomy resection and an extended end-to-end anastomosis technique with low mortality, morbidity, and low long-term recoarctation rates. Long-term follow-up is required due to the risks of early and late post-operative recoarctation, which requires reintervention.