Obesity and anemia are major problems all over the world; pregnancies often suffer from these medical conditions. Obesity is associated with an increased risk of iron deficiency associated with the activation of inflammatory markers and their influence on iron regulatory pathways. All of the pregnant obese women have a mild inflammatory response, which later leads to increased hepcidin levels, thereby influencing iron metabolism. The purpose of this review was to summarize recent findings that have reported the measuring of markers of iron metabolism and inflammatory in pregestationally obese pregnancies in the development of anemia. This review examines obesityrelated activation of inflammatory mediators as a potential primary cause of iron deficiency (ID) or iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in obese pregnant women. Despite numerous studies, the effect of maternal weight on the risk of developing ID/IDA during pregnancy remains unclear. Markers of iron metabolism in the background of inflammation are being considered. Pre-pregnancy obesity is associated with an increased risk of developing ID/IDA during pregnancy and in the postpartum period for mother and child.

Relevance: Оbеse pregnant women have а mild inflammatory response associated with hepcidin overexpression. Inflammation affects iron metabolism by increasing hepcidin levels. Obesity and anemia are serious problems worldwide; expectant mothers often suffer from these conditions. Gravidas with obesity tend to gain more weight during pregnancy than gravidas with normal body mass index. Obesity before pregnancy is associated with a high risk in pregnancy, including hypoferremia and anemia due to iron deficiency, which are already common between expectant mother and their neonates. This review considers obesity-associated inflammatory mediator activation as a potential primary cause of iron deficiency (ID) or iron deficiency anemia (IDA) in obese pregnant women.The review aimed to summarize the current studies reporting the measurement of molecular markers of iron metabolism and inflammatory mediators in pregnant women with pregestational obesity. Methods: This review included all types of publications in English and Russian on anemia and obesity in pregnancy, published from March 2012 to March 2022. The literature search was performed in Medline, Scopus, Web of Science, Google Scholar, PubMed, and CyberLeninka databases by the following keywords: “pregnancy,” “iron deficiency,” “anemia,” “overweight,” “obesity,” “inflammation,” and “body mass index.”Results: This review assesses whether obesity-induced inflammation may contribute to the increased incidence of ID/IDA in pregnant women. Despite numerous studies, the effect of maternal weight on the risk of ID/IDA during pregnancy remains unclear. Iron status metabolism markers against inflammation are considered. PR-pregnancy obesity carries a greater risk of developing ID/IDA during pregnancy and the postnatal period for the mother and the baby. Conclusions: Thus, a more careful study of iron levels by trimester is required. The introduction of clearly defined procedures for trimester valuation of iron and inflammatory status in antenatal and postpartum consultations is necessary.