Large combustion power plants pr amount of SO 2 and it is important to hav be able to control and optimize the desulphurization units. Static op insufficient to provide good quanti concentration, and therefore dynamic temperature cycling is studied. The data Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) Square (PLS) Regression. SO 2 quan achieved with LDA, even when the ox concentration changes from 4-10%.

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Thermal power plants produce SO 2 during combustion of fuel containing sulfur. One way to decrease the SO 2 emission from power plants is to introduce a sensor as part of the control system of the desulphurization unit. In this study, SiC-FET sensors were studied as one alternative sensor to replace the expensive FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared) instrument or the inconvenient wet chemical methods. The gas response for the SiC-FET sensors comes from the interaction between the test gas and the catalytic gate metal, which changes the electrical characteristics of the devices. The performance of the sensors depends on the ability of the test gas to be adsorbed, decomposed, and desorbed at the sensor surface. The feature of SO 2 , that it is difficult to desorb from the catalyst surface, makes it known as catalyst poison.It is difficult to quantify the SO 2 with static operation, even at the optimum operation temperature of the sensor due to low response levels and saturation already at low concentration of SO 2 . The challenge of SO 2 desorption can be reduced by introducing dynamic operation in a designed temperature cycle operation (TCO). The intermittent exposure to high temperature can help to desorb SO 2 . Simultaneously, additional features extracted from the sensor data can be used to reduce the influence of sensor drift. The TCO operation, together with pattern recognition, may also reduce the baseline and response variation due to changing concentration of background gases (4-10% O 2 and 0-70% RH), and thus it may improve the overall sensor performance. In addition to the laboratory experiment, testing in the desulphurization pilot unit was performed. Desulphurization pilot unit has less controlled environment compared to the laboratory conditions. Therefore, the risk of influence from the changing concentration of background gas is higher. In this study, Linear Discriminant Analysis (LDA) and Partial Least Square (PLS) were employed as pattern recognition methods. It was demonstrated that using LDA quantification of SO 2 into several groups of concentrations up to 2000 ppm was possible. Additionally, PLS analysis indicated a good agreement between the predicted value from the model and the SO 2 concentration from the reference instrument of the pilot plant. 3 IntroductionSO 2 is one of the major air pollutants because it is a precursor of acid rain, forms acid particulates, and is dangerous for human health. However, in a thermal power plant, SO 2 is generally produced when sulfur containing fuel is combusted. In flue gas cleaning processes, SO 2 is usually removed by absorption with lime (CaOH 2 .2H 2 O) or other compounds having high alkalinity. State-of-the-art desulphurization can remove more than 98% of the SO 2 from the flue gas. With increasing environmental concerns, the regulation of SO 2 emission from thermal power plants has become stricter. The installation of sensors in the flue gas duct has been proposed as one of the alternatives to improve the efficiency of the desulphurization un...

The formation of ad-SO x species on Pt/SiO 2 upon exposure to SO 2 in concentrations ranging from 10 to 50 ppm at between 200 and 400 C has been studied by in situ diffuse reflectance infrared Fourier transformed spectroscopy. In parallel, first-principles calculations have been carried out to consolidate the experimental interpretations. It was found that sulfate species form on the silica surface with a concomitant removal/rearrangement of silanol groups. Formation of ad-SO x species occurs only after SO 2 oxidation to SO 3 on the platinum surface. Thus SO 2 oxidation to SO 3 is the first step in the SO x adsorption process, followed by spillover of SO 3 to the oxide and, finally, the formation of sulfate species on the hydroxyl positions on the oxide. The sulfate formation is influenced by both temperature and SO 2 concentration.

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