Background Excessive intake of oil, salt and sugar is closely associated with the prevalence of NCDs. Canteen employees’ knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) about oil, salt and sugar directly affect the content of them in dishes and the consumers’ intake. However, there is no valid questionnaire used to assess KAP among canteen employees about the “oil, salt and sugar”. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to establish and validate a questionnaire to evaluate the KAP of canteen employees about the “oil, salt and sugar”.Methods A total of 100 canteen employees randomly selected from three different college canteens in Shandong Province. Participants completed the questionnaire and retested 1 month later. Internal reliability and test-retest reliability were assessed using Cronbach’s α and Pearson correlation coefficients, respectively. Validity was assessed using the exploratory factor analysis.Results The final questionnaire consisted of four sections, 76 items: demography (13 items), knowledge (21 items), attitude (20 items), and practice (23 items). A total of 100 participants finished the questionnaire of which 66% were females with a mean age of 40.3 years. The Cronbach’s α coefficients of the questionnaire and each dimension were 0.822, 0.830, 0.752 and 0.700, respectively. The test-retest reliability coefficient is 0.968; In exploratory factor analysis, 9 common factors are extracted, with a total of 26 items, and the cumulative contribution rate is 70.923%.Conclusion The questionnaire had a satisfactory property for measuring the KAP of the “oil, salt and sugar” among canteen employees in China.

For compensating the gap of present investigations, which did not consider the effect of skin depth before, a novel method is also proposed to obtain the eddy current force. At the beginning, the separating principle of eddy current separator (ECS) is given. Then, based on boundary conditions and the eddy current equations, the internal magnetic flux density, eddy current density and eddy current force density of non-ferrous metal are deduced. By calculating the double integral of eddy current density, the internal eddy current of non-ferrous metal is achieved. The theoretical calculation method (TCM) for solving the eddy current force in the process of non-ferrous metal sorting is proposed. Moreover, to verify the correctness of TCM, taking 24-pole and 30-pole magnetic roller as examples, the finite element models of static and transient magnetic field are established respectively. Additionally, the correctness of TCM is proven by finite element method (FEM) when the x-axis and y-axis component of eddy current force is calculated. At the end, by the theoretical analysis and derivation derived in this paper, based on the relationship between the relative position of N and S poles of the magnetic roller and non-ferrous metal, the internal eddy current force are analyzed by the consistency between the direction of the internal magnetic flux density and the eddy current of non-ferrous metal. The influence of the size relationship between the non-ferrous metal and a single magnetic pole on the separation effect is discussed.

Introduction: Excessive intake of oil, salt and sugar is closely associated with the prevalence of NCDs. Canteen staff’s knowledge, attitude and practice (KAP) about oil, salt and sugar directly affect the content of them in dishes and the consumers’ intake. However, there is no valid questionnaire used to assess KAP among canteen staff about the “oil, salt and sugar”. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to establish and validate a questionnaire to evaluate the KAP of canteen staff about the “oil, salt and sugar”. Methods: A total of 100 canteen staff randomly selected from three different college canteens in Shandong Province. Participants completed the questionnaire and retested 1 month later. Internal reliability and test-retest reliabilitywere assessed using Cronbach’s α and Pearson correlation coefficients, respectively. Validity was assessed using the exploratory factor analysis. Results: A total of 100 participants finished the questionnaire of which 66% were females with a mean age of 40.3 years. The Cronbach’s α coefficients of the questionnaire and each dimension were 0.822, 0.830, 0.752 and 0.700, respectively. The test-retest reliability coefficient is 0.968; In exploratory factor analysis, 9 common factors are extracted, with a total of 26 items, and the cumulative contribution rate is 70.923%. Conclusions: The questionnaire had asatisfactory property for measuring the KAP of the “oil, salt and sugar” among canteen staff in China.

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We present the benchmarking, validation, and results of an approximate, analytic model for the radial profile of the stress, strain, and displacement within the toroidal field (TF) coil of a Tokamak at the inner midplane, where stress management is of the most concern. The model is designed to have high execution speed yet capture the essential physics, suitable for scoping studies, rapid evaluation of designs, and in the inner loop of an optimizer. It is implemented in the PROCESS fusion reactor systems code. The model solves a many-layer axisymmetric extended plane strain problem. It includes linear elastic deformation, Poisson effects, transverse-isotropic materials properties, radial Lorentz force profiles, and axial tension applied to layer subsets. The model does not include out-of-plane forces from poloidal field coils. We benchmark the model against 2D and 3D Finite Element Analyses (FEA) using Ansys and COMSOL. We find the Tresca stress accuracy of the model to be within 10% of the FEA result, with the largest discrepancy resulting from the discrete TF coil sectors. We show that this model allows PROCESS to optimize a fusion pilot plant, subject to the TF coil winding pack and coil case yield constraints. This model sets an upper limit on the magnetic field strength at the coil surface of 29 Tesla for steel TF coil cases, with the practical limit being significantly below this.