The main goal of the paper is to study epidemiology of infection complications after hip arthroplasty with modern models of endoprosthesis, using the research of other scientists. The authors used theoretic methods, which included analysis and review of literary sources. The authors found that modern foreign endoprostheses have significant advantages in terms of quality, functioning, and design. It is found that endoprosthesis component instability was most widespread causes of inflammatory process developments, as well as postsurgical hematoma, inflammation, postoperative wound edges necrosis, and others.

Currently, there is a clear increase in the frequency and severity of various types of injuries, both domestic and road transport, industrial, which is primarily associated with global technical progress, the availability of various household and industrial appliances, as well as information workload, which affects attentiveness of people in everyday life, on the roads and at work. Among these injuries, injuries to the distal part of the lower extremities confidently occupy their position, reaching, according to various authors, 10% of all injuries of the musculoskeletal system. Not the last place among these cases is occupied by injuries accompanied by a violation of the integrity or complete damage to the soft tissues of the calcaneal region. There are also frequent cases of trophic defects in this area associated with a violation of neurovegetative innervation in the proximal lower extremities against the background of post-traumatic scarring of tissues, micro-and macro-angiopathy. In this connection, the function of the lower extremities, the ability to support and, as a result, the quality of life is impaired, as well as the infection quite often joins. We have considered the most effective surgical interventions, based on the results of reviewing the latest articles in the PubMed search database.

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The article presents the results of the first stage treatment of 32 patients with long-term non-healing defects of lower leg and heel soft tissues. There were 14 women and 18 men. The patients age ranged from 28 to 65 years old. We used sural fasciocutaneous flap on a distal base to replace defects in all patients. All flaps survived and provided good functional results of the restored skin of the foot and lower leg. In all cases, the sural nerve was included in the flap. In three cases, marginal ischemia of the flap was observed. The use of surgical interventions according to the developed method for long-term non-healing defects of lower leg and heel soft tissues made it possible to achieve complete injury healing.

IntroductionBurns are an important public health challenge due to the frequency of getting burns in day-to-day life, occupational hazards, and catastrophes. Treatment of burns is complex and is associated with high morbidity and mortality. Duration and complexity of burn treatment require finding new ways of curing and rehabilitating burns. The result of burn treatment plays a significant role in post-traumatic status of a patient and his or her consequent adaptation in society. Chitosan is a natural safe non-toxic product compatible with human tissues, characterized by hydrosorbid, anticoagulant, antibacterial, and wound healing features. The study aims to show a clinical application of chitosan-pectin scaffold with cultured human skin fibroblasts in the treatment of deep burns.MethodsThe substrate was prepared by dissolving 3% chitosan in 0.5N acetic acid, which was then mixed with 3% solution of pectin dissolved in distillated water. Chitosan film was formed in a Petri dish for 20–24 hours at 20–25 °C. After drying the film, cultured allogeneic fibroblasts (patent number RK-25091) were seeded on its surface.ResultsThe results from an in vitro culture study showed that human allogeneic fibroblasts could adhere well and grow on the selected scaffold with a typical morphology. During autodermoplasty surgery, cultured allogeneic fibroblasts were applied on granulating wounds of 9 patients with IIIA to IVB degree burns and limited donor resources. Wounds treated with the fibroblastseeded scaffold among all patients provided the highest level of re-epithelialization (day 5), in comparison to cell-free scaffold (day 7) and untreated surface of wounds (day 10).ConclusionOur results indicate the potential use of chitosan for wound healing due to its allogenic fibroblast adherence to scaffolding as well as high epithelization. This warrants further studies on chitosan for use in wounds resulting from third and fourth degree burns.