The Makeng Fe-Mo deposit in the polymetallic belt of southwestern Fujian Province is the largest iron deposit in South China. It is a large magnetite deposit hosted in the interlayer fractures of Huanglong Formation(C 2 h) carbonates and Lindi Formation(C 1 l)clastic rocks at the exo-contact zone of the Juzhou-Dayang granite. Skarn has genetic relationship with ore fromation. Zonation can be found almost anywhere, and occurs on scales from kilometers to micrometers. The formation of Makeng iron deposit can be calssified into skarn stage, retrograde stage, and quartz sulfide and carbonate stage, among which the retrograde stage was the main mineralization stage.Juzhou-Dayang granites are exposed surround the Makeng iron deposit, and have genetic relationship with ore formation. According to its geochemical compostion such as high silicon and alkali, low calcium and magnesium, and high differentiation index, the JuzhuDayang granite can be identified as weak peraluminousmetaluminous granite; The rocks have high and remarkably varying REE, and their distribution patterns show LREE enrichment with gentle right oblique deviation, and a "V" model characterized by significant negative Eu anomaly; The trace elements compositions are strongly enriched in Rb, U, Th and La and considerably depleted in Ba, Sr, P and Ti; Petrogeochemical and isotopic characteristics indicate that the Juzhu-Dayang granite is crust-derived, and has experienced high differentiated evolution. Lithospheric thinning related to paleo-Pacific plate (subduction) is a likely responsible geodynamic background for their formation. The magma sources of the Dayang-Juzhou granite were mainly derived from Proterozoic crustal materials, but also involved some proportion of EMII components.Skarn mineral assemblages consist of pyroxene, garnet and bustamite, and retrograde minerals comprise chlorite, epidote, amphibole, quartz. Electron microprobe analyses show that the pyroxenes are mainly diopside and hedenbergite, with minor johannsenite, whereas associated pyroxenoids are bustamite and rhodonite. The garnet is dominated by andradite, with minor grossular. The amphibole in the Makeng iron deposit belongs to calcic amphiboles. The mineralogical characteristics of skarn indicate that they mainly formed under oxidizd conditions. Garnet, pyroxene, pyrite and magnetite have similar chondrite-normalized REE distribution patterns with light REE(LREE) enrichment, moderate Eu positive anomaly and absent Ce anomaly, indicating that they were formed under the oxidation environment, and there was genetic relation between ore formation and skarns. The REE geochemistry of marble and alterated rocks varied regularly, and that alteration is featured by metasomatism and magmatic hydrothermal solution, and its ore-forming materials might come from surrounding strata and diabase partly.Fluid inclusion studies show that the inclusion types of Makeng deposit are complex, mainly with vapor-and liquid-rich, daughter mineral-bearing and CO 2 -rich fluid inclusions, among which the l...