Patient-derived organoids (PDOs) are emerging as preclinical models with promising values in personalized cancer therapy. The purpose of this study was to establish a living biobank of PDOs from patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and to study the responses of PDOs to drugs. PDOs derived from NSCLC were cultured in vitro, and then treated with natural compounds including chelerythrine chloride, cantharidin, harmine, berberine and betaine with series of concentrations (0.5-30 μM) for drug screening. Phenotypic features and treatment responses of established PDOs were reported. Cell lines (H1299, H460 and H1650) were used for drug screening. We successfully established a living NSCLC organoids biobank of 10 patients, which showed similar pathological features with primary tumors. Nine of the 10 patients showed mutations in EGFR. Natural compounds chelerythrine chloride, cantharidin and harmine showed anticancer activity on PDOs and cell lines. There was no significant difference in the 95% confidence interval (CI) for the IC50 value of chelerythrine chloride between PDOs (1.56-2.88 μM) and cell lines (1.45-3.73 μM, p>0.05). PDOs were sensitive to berberine (95% CI, 0.092-1.55 μM), whereas cell lines showed a resistance (95% CI, 46.57-2275 μM, p<0.0001). PDOs had a higher IC50 value of cantharidin, and a lower IC50 value of harmine than cell lines (p<0. 05, μM in cell lines, respectively). Both PDOs and cell lines were resistant to betaine. Chelerythrine chloride showed the highest inhibitory effect in both models. Our study established a living biobank of PDOs from NSCLC patients, which might be used for high-throughput drug screening and for promising personalized therapy design.

Cancer is one of the most common diseases to threaten human health. If individuals are diagnosed with malignant tumors via a single cell, medical workers are greatly advantageous to early diagnose and intervene in malignant tumors therapy. In this paper, we propose a fluorescence detection map to rapidly distinguish whether the chromosomes of a cell are normal or abnormal by detecting the fluorescent intensity of a single cell. Herein, we draw a map from a single cell with an abnormal number of chromosomes that is monitored in real time. Moreover, this way offers precise and prompt detection of the surviving of cancer cells at or near the site of the tumor after treatments for cancer, which can achieve personalized cancer diagnosis and therapy. Therefore, cancer recurrences and metastasis can be effectively identified, utilizing this ultrasensitive detection method of an abnormal chromosome number.

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The timely discovery of cancer cell resistance in clinical processing and the accurate calculation of drug dosage to reduce and inhibit tumour growth factor in cancer patients are promising technologies in cancer therapy. Here, an optofluidic resonator effectively detects drug interactions with cancer cell processing in real time and enables the calculation of label-free drug-non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) and binding ratios using molecular fluorescence intensity. According to clinical test and in vivo experimental data, the efficiencies of gefitinib and erlotinib are only 37% and 12% compared to AZD9291, and 0.300 μg of EGFR inactivation requires 0.484 μg of AZD9291, 0.815 μg of gefitinib and 1.348 μg of erlotinib. Experimental results show that the present method allows for the performance detection of drug resistance and for the evaluation of dosage usage.