With reference to the characteristics of online supply chain finance, this paper establishes a credit rating index system for the loan enterprise in the online supply chain finance that is based on the third-party B2B e-commerce platform. The system applies the multi-level gray evaluation model based on the Theil index to make a comprehensive evaluation on the credit of the loan enterprise and tests the model's feasibility through the analyses of numerical example. The evaluation model overcomes the subjectivity of weight distribution to index and presents the degree (from excellent to poor) of indices on each hierarchy distinctly so as to enable banks to take risk control specifically in operation.
We explored dual influencing paths of time pressure on employee creativity drawing upon transactional theory of stress. A longitudinal test on 342 dyads of supervisor-employee with three time points was conducted. Leaders assessed employee creativity and employees evaluated their time pressure, job burnout, job crafting, and temporal leadership which were aggregated into a team-level variable. Results indicate time pressure was negatively and indirectly related to employee creativity via job burnout. Results also supported the positive and indirect effect of time pressure on creativity via job crafting. Further, mediation roles of job burnout and job crafting in relationship between time pressure and creativity are moderated by promotion regulatory focus and temporal leadership. Our findings hold the key to understanding relationship between time pressure and creativity, and have practical implications about how to unleash employee creativity under time pressure.
Context
Developing effective drugs to treat myocardial ischaemia-reperfusion (MI/R) injury is imperative. Traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs) have had considerable success in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases. Elucidating the mechanisms by which TCMs improve MI/R injury can supplement the literature on MI/R prevention and treatment.
Objective
To summarise TCMs and their main protective mechanisms against MI/R injury reported over the past 40 years.
Methods
Relevant literature published between 1980 and 2020 in Chinese and English was retrieved from the Web of Science, PubMed, SpringerLink, PubMed Central, Scopus, and Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) databases. Search terms included ‘medicinal plants’, ‘myocardial ischaemia reperfusion injury’, ‘Chinese medicine prescriptions’, ‘mechanisms’, ‘prevention’, ‘treatment’ and ‘protection’. For inclusion in the analysis, medicinal plants had to be searchable in the China Medical Information Platform and Plant Database.
Results
We found 71 medicinal species (from 40 families) that have been used to prevent MI/R injury, of which Compositae species (8 species) and Leguminosae species (7 species) made up the majority. Most of the effects associated with these plants are described as antioxidant and anti-inflammatory. Furthermore, we summarised 18 kinds of Chinese compound prescriptions, including the compound Danshen tablet and Baoxin pill, which mainly reduce oxidative stress and regulate mitochondrial energy metabolism.
Discussion and conclusions
We summarised TCMs that protect against MI/R injury and their pharmacological mechanisms. This in-depth explanation of the roles of TCMs in MI/R injury protection provides a theoretical basis for the research and development of TCM-based treatment drugs.
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